{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T07:33:12Z","timestamp":1787643192328,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,5]],"date-time":"2019-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551744000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,15]],"date-time":"2019-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1552608000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"HHS | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U19AI117891"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U19AI117891"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"HHS | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI110720"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI110720"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"HHS | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MIDAS-U54GM111274"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MIDAS-U54GM111274"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01HL139483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01HL139483"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Virol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Universal influenza vaccines against the conserved epitopes of influenza A virus have been proposed to minimize the burden of seasonal outbreaks and prepare for the pandemics. However, it is not clear how rapidly T cell-inducing vaccines will select for viruses that escape these T cell responses. Our mathematical models explore the factors that contribute to the conservation of CD8 T cell epitopes and how rapidly the virus will evolve in response to T cell-inducing vaccines. We identify the key biological parameters to be measured and questions that need to be addressed in future studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01534-18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,10]],"date-time":"2019-01-10T06:28:19Z","timestamp":1547101699000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Why Are CD8 T Cell Epitopes of Human Influenza A Virus Conserved?"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"93","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0524-279X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zheng-Rong Tiger","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3096-3695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veronika I.","family":"Zarnitsyna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9829-112X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anice C.","family":"Lowen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Weissman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"},{"name":"Department of Physics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katia","family":"Koelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob E.","family":"Kohlmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rustom","family":"Antia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)33293-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1178258"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2015.05.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd4529"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines6020018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198307073090103"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3350"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1653","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.152.4.1653","article-title":"Heterosubtypic immunity to influenza type A virus in mice. Effector mechanisms and their longevity","volume":"152","author":"Liang S","year":"1994","unstructured":"Liang S, Mozdzanowska K, Palladino G, Gerhard W. 1994. Heterosubtypic immunity to influenza type A virus in mice. Effector mechanisms and their longevity. J Immunol 152:1653\u20131661.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1322229111"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msr044"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.17.11239-11246.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2006.05.051"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.00631"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li Z-RT Zarnitsyna VI Lowen AC Weissman D Koelle K Kohlmeier JE Antia R. 2019. Why are CD8 T cell epitopes of human influenza A virus conserved? bioRxiv doi:10.1101\/408880.","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01534-18"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e31819d1092"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009196"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-81-11-2689"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.05.079"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0115725"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1002082"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0040-5809(87)90014-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.15.6800-6807.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1830296100"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1097211"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.01914"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01571-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep33334"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","volume-title":"The ecological detective: confronting models with data","author":"Hilborn R","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hilborn R, Mangel M. 1997. The ecological detective: confronting models with data. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06945"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0313180"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00165"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2172-9-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2010.0007"}],"container-title":["Journal of Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JVI.01534-18","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JVI.01534-18","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,13]],"date-time":"2024-07-13T19:11:25Z","timestamp":1720897885000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JVI.01534-18"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Adolfo","family":"Garc\u00eda-Sastre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,15]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JVI.01534-18"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jvi.01534-18","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/408880","asserted-by":"object"}],"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.734840555.793573746","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0022-538X","1098-5514"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-538X","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5514","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-09-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-12-26","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-03-05","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e01534-18"}}