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However, upon transmission to cattle, the same virus instigates a frequently lethal disease, malignant catarrhal fever (MCF). While the cause of death and pathogenesis of tissue lesions are still poorly understood, MCF is characterized by the accumulation of lymphocytes in various tissues, associated with vasculitis and cell death. As infectious virus is hardly present in these lesions, the cause of cell death cannot be explained simply by viral replication. The significance of our research is in identifying and characterizing a previously overlooked gene of OvHV-2 (Ov8.25), which is highly expressed in animals with MCF. Its encoded protein targets mitochondria, causing apoptosis and necrosis, thus contributing to an understanding of the source and nature of cell death. As the corresponding genetic locus is also active in the context of MCF due to a different macavirus, we may have detected a common denominator of the disease phenotype.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01536-19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,5]],"date-time":"2020-02-05T12:32:39Z","timestamp":1580905959000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Ovine Herpesvirus 2 Encodes a Previously Unrecognized Protein, pOv8.25, That Targets Mitochondria and Triggers Apoptotic Cell Death"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Neeta","family":"Shrestha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kurt","family":"Tobler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Uster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Romina","family":"Sigrist-Nagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melanie Michaela","family":"Hierweger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Experimental Clinical Research, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"},{"name":"Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5268-1467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mathias","family":"Ackermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-animal-022513-114156"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2006.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.161.20.692"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-25.2.280"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"409","article-title":"Characteristics of the herpesvirus of malignant catarrhal fever isolated from captive wildebeest calves","volume":"45","author":"Castro AE","year":"1984","unstructured":"Castro AE, Ramsay EC, Dotson JF, Schramke ML, Kocan AA, Whitenack DL. 1984. 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