{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T14:53:16Z","timestamp":1781880796747,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,6]],"date-time":"2020-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578268800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SPP1596 project BE5187"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SPP1596 project BE5187"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SPP1596 project BE5187"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SPP1596 project BE5187"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Virol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>With the cessation of vaccination against smallpox and its assumed cross-protectivity against other OPV infections, waning immunity could open up new niches for related poxviruses. Therefore, the identification of virulence mechanisms in CPXV is of general interest. Here, we aimed to identify virulence markers in an experimental rodent CPXV infection model using bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)-based virus recombineering. We focused our work on the recent zoonotic CPXV isolate RatPox09, which is highly pathogenic in Wistar rats, unlike the avirulent BR reference strain. In several animal studies, we were able to identify a novel set of CPXV virulence genes. Two of the identified virulence genes, encoding a putative BTB\/POZ protein (CPXVD7L) and a B22R-family protein (CPXV7tGP), respectively, have not yet been described to be involved in CPXV virulence. Our results also show that single genes can significantly affect virulence, thus facilitating adaptation to other hosts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01625-19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,18]],"date-time":"2019-10-18T13:30:15Z","timestamp":1571405415000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["What a Difference a Gene Makes: Identification of Virulence Factors of Cowpox Virus"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Aist\u0117","family":"Tamo\u0161i\u016bnait\u0117","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Virologie, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saskia","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loef\ufb02er-Institut, Greifswald-insel Riems, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timo","family":"Schippers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Virologie, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annika","family":"Franke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loef\ufb02er-Institut, Greifswald-insel Riems, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Virologie, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Jenckel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loef\ufb02er-Institut, Greifswald-insel Riems, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Pfaff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loef\ufb02er-Institut, Greifswald-insel Riems, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donata","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loef\ufb02er-Institut, Greifswald-insel Riems, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maegan","family":"Newell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Virologie, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. Karsten","family":"Tischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Virologie, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Beer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loef\ufb02er-Institut, Greifswald-insel Riems, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolaus","family":"Osterrieder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Virologie, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268899002423"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)17836-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1206.051513"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.2009.0329"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1505.090159"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2112.150621"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0006883"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.43-2-212"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1505.090235"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5604\/12321966.1167713"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0023086"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v9050101"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1503.080813"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2011.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.13700"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1404.070817"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-1227"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e3282f44c74"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)92387-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.08.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(85)90111-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.19565-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2004.07.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1998.9039"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2012.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.09.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0079953"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v9060142"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0055808"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01195-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2016.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)83994-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","first-page":"158","article-title":"The immunological relationship of the virus of spontaneous cowpox to vaccinia virus","volume":"20","author":"Downie AW","year":"1939","unstructured":"Downie AW. 1939. The immunological relationship of the virus of spontaneous cowpox to vaccinia virus. Br J Exp Pathol 20:158\u2013176.","journal-title":"Br J Exp Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2011.05.048"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5858\/2000-124-0362-AMMOAT"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0030017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsob.170045"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10495-009-0402-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.1.226-233.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkq313"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004123"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.76.22.11216-11225.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(92)90046-R"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00599-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(86)90119-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1912.130256"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985812439077"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.2000.0603"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12120"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1005769107"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0313-66"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1466252307001259"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2015.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/laban.1220"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01891-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2007.06.082"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.2001.1236"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2005-6-10-r82"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.8.14.1664"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1100761"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1175870"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1641"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.24.23.10456-10469.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI45682"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20112084"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","volume-title":"A laboratory manual for the isolation and identification of avian pathogens","author":"Swayne DE","year":"1998","unstructured":"Swayne DE, American Association of Avian Pathologists. 1998. A laboratory manual for the isolation and identification of avian pathogens. American Association of Avian Pathologists, Jacksonville, FL."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1297-9716-42-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02385-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-60761-652-8_30"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2144\/000112096"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1923"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.4197"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_76_2","volume-title":"R: a language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2017","unstructured":"R Core Team. 2017. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01863914"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8295.1908.tb00176.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkr859"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gki110"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-016-0390-5"}],"container-title":["Journal of Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JVI.01625-19","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JVI.01625-19","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T15:03:12Z","timestamp":1646492592000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JVI.01625-19"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Rozanne M.","family":"Sandri-Goldin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,6]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JVI.01625-19"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jvi.01625-19","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-538X","1098-5514"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-538X","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5514","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-09-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-09-27","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-01-06","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e01625-19"}}