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New and effective antiviral agents that combat the disease are needed urgently. Here, we found that an inhaled corticosteroid, ciclesonide, suppresses the replication of coronaviruses, including betacoronaviruses (murine hepatitis virus type 2 [MHV-2], MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2) and an alphacoronavirus (human coronavirus 229E [HCoV-229E]), in cultured cells. Ciclesonide is safe; indeed, it can be administered to infants at high concentrations. Thus, ciclesonide is expected to be a broad-spectrum antiviral drug that is effective against many members of the coronavirus family. It could be prescribed for the treatment of MERS and COVID-19.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01648-20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]],"date-time":"2020-10-15T09:28:50Z","timestamp":1602754130000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":172,"title":["The Inhaled Steroid Ciclesonide Blocks SARS-CoV-2 RNA Replication by Targeting the Viral Replication-Transcription Complex in Cultured Cells"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"95","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9077-3549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shutoku","family":"Matsuyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miyuki","family":"Kawase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naganori","family":"Nao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuya","family":"Shirato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Ujike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Research Center for Animal Life Sciences, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wataru","family":"Kamitani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Host Defense, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masayuki","family":"Shimojima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuetsu","family":"Fukushi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5582\/bst.2020.01020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-020-0282-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00819-20"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2007764"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31022-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001282"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","volume-title":"WHO discontinues hydroxychloroquine and lopinavir\/ritonavir treatment arms for COVID-19","author":"WHO","year":"2020","unstructured":"WHO. 2020. 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