{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T07:14:41Z","timestamp":1792739681412,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]],"date-time":"2011-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293840000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Virol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Cell-based therapies against HIV\/AIDS have been gaining increased interest. Natural killer (NK) cells are a key component of the innate immune system with the ability to kill diverse tumor cells and virus-infected cells. While NK cells have been shown to play an important role in the control of HIV-1 replication, their functional activities are often compromised in HIV-1-infected individuals. We have previously demonstrated the derivation of NK cells from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) with the ability to potently kill multiple types of tumor cells both\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n            . We now demonstrate the derivation of functional NK cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). More importantly, both hESC- and iPSC-derived NK cells are able to inhibit HIV-1 NL4-3 infection of CEM-GFP cells. Additional studies using HIV-1-infected human primary CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cells illustrated that hESC- and iPSC-derived NK cells suppress HIV-1 infection by at least three distinct cellular mechanisms: killing of infected targets through direct lysis, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, and production of chemokines and cytokines. Our results establish the potential to utilize hESC- and iPSC-derived NK cells to better understand anti-HIV-1 immunity and provide a novel cellular immunotherapeutic approach to treat HIV\/AIDS.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01774-10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,21]],"date-time":"2010-10-21T02:22:21Z","timestamp":1287627741000},"page":"43-50","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":89,"title":["Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Produce Natural Killer Cells That Mediate Anti-HIV-1 Activity by Utilizing Diverse Cellular Mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Zhenya","family":"Ni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Knorr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine L.","family":"Clouser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Molecular Virology and Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melinda K.","family":"Hexum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Southern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louis M.","family":"Mansky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Molecular Virology and Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In-Hyun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan S.","family":"Kaufman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2008.02045.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20070695"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-3-24"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.181.3.1235"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-6405-5-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.17.1.657"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","first-page":"2087","volume":"104","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bonaparte, M. 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