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Clinical observations suggest that VZV-specific T cell immunity plays a more critical role than humoral immunity in the prevention of VZV reactivation and development of herpes zoster. Although numerous studies have characterized T cell responses directed against select VZV open reading frames (ORFs), a comprehensive analysis of the T cell response to the entire VZV genome has not yet been conducted. We have recently shown that intrabronchial inoculation of young rhesus macaques with simian varicella virus (SVV), a homolog of VZV, recapitulates the hallmarks of acute and latent VZV infection in humans. In this study, we characterized the specificity of T cell responses during acute and latent SVV infection. Animals generated a robust and broad T cell response directed against both structural and nonstructural viral proteins during acute infection in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and peripheral blood. During latency, T cell responses were detected only in the BAL fluid and were lower and more restricted than those observed during acute infection. Interestingly, we identified a small set of ORFs that were immunogenic during both acute and latent infection in the BAL fluid. Given the close genome relatedness of SVV and VZV, our studies highlight immunogenic ORFs that may be further investigated as potential components of novel VZV vaccines that specifically boost T cell immunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01809-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,29]],"date-time":"2013-08-29T00:23:18Z","timestamp":1377735798000},"page":"11751-11761","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Genome-Wide Analysis of T Cell Responses during Acute and Latent Simian Varicella Virus Infections in Rhesus Macaques"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Kristen","family":"Haberthur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aubrey","family":"Kraft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Arnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Microbiology, University of California\u2014Riverside, Riverside, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Byung","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Oregon Health &amp; Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Asquith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jesse","family":"Dewane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilhem","family":"Messaoudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA"},{"name":"Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA"},{"name":"Division of Pathobiology and Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon, USA"},{"name":"Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.61.11.3463-3469.1987"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"S2","article-title":"Herpes zoster overview: natural history and incidence","volume":"109","author":"Weaver BA","year":"2009","unstructured":"WeaverBA. 2009. 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