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RV pathogenicity is largely attributed to its glycoprotein (RV-G), which facilitates the attachment and entry of RV into host cells. We have developed a live, single-cycle RV by deletion of the G gene from an RV vaccine vector expressing HIV-1 Gag (SPBN-\u0394G-Gag). Passage of SPBN-\u0394G-Gag on cells stably expressing RV-G allowed efficient propagation of the G-deleted RV. The<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>immunogenicity data comparing single-cycle RV to a replication-competent control (BNSP-Gag) showed lower RV-specific antibodies; however, the overall isotype profiles (IgG2a\/IgG1) were similar for the two vaccine vectors. Despite this difference, mice immunized with SPBN-\u0394G-Gag and BNSP-Gag mounted similar levels of Gag-specific CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T-cell responses as measured by major histocompatibility complex class I Gag-tetramer staining, gamma interferon-enzyme-linked immunospot assay, and cytotoxic T-cell assay. Moreover, these cellular responses were maintained equally at immunization titers as low as 10<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>focus-forming units for both RV vaccine vectors. CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T-cell responses were significantly enhanced by a boost with a single-cycle RV complemented with a heterologous vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein. These findings demonstrate that single-cycle RV is an effective alternative to replication-competent RV vectors for future development of vaccines for HIV-1 and other infectious diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01870-09","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,7]],"date-time":"2010-01-07T02:28:11Z","timestamp":1262831291000},"page":"2820-2831","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Characterization of a Single-Cycle Rabies Virus-Based Vaccine Vector"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Emily A.","family":"Gomme","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and of"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth J.","family":"Faul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and of"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phyllis","family":"Flomenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine"},{"name":"Jefferson Vaccine Center, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James P.","family":"McGettigan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and of"},{"name":"Jefferson Vaccine Center, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias J.","family":"Schnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and of"},{"name":"Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3379","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.163.6.3379","volume":"163","year":"1999","unstructured":"Bergmann, C. 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