{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T02:23:23Z","timestamp":1779243803773,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,15]],"date-time":"2014-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1416009600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Virol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although nonhuman primate models of neuro-AIDS have made tremendous contributions to our understanding of disease progression in the central nervous system (CNS) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals, each model holds advantages and limitations. In this study,<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>passage of SIVsmE543 was conducted to obtain a viral isolate that can induce neuropathology in rhesus macaques. After a series of four<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>passages in rhesus macaques, we have successfully isolated SIVsm804E. SIVsm804E shows efficient replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs)<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>and induces neuro-AIDS in high frequencies<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. Analysis of the acute phase of infection revealed that SIVsm804E establishes infection in the CNS during the early phase of the infection, which was not observed in the animals infected with the parental SIVsmE543-3. Comprehensive analysis of disease progression in the animals used in the study suggested that host major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) and TRIM5\u03b1 genotypes influence the disease progression in the CNS. Taken together, our findings show that we have successfully isolated a new strain of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) that is capable of establishing infection in the CNS at early stage of infection and causes neuropathology in infected rhesus macaques at a high frequency (83%) using a single inoculum, when animals with restrictive MHC-I or TRIM5\u03b1 genotypes are excluded. SIVsm804E has the potential to augment some of the limitations of existing nonhuman primate neuro-AIDS models.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:bold>Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is associated with a high frequency of neurologic complications due to infection of the central nervous system (CNS). Although the use of antiviral treatment has reduced the incidence of severe complications, milder disease of the CNS continues to be a significant problem. Animal models to study development of neurologic disease are needed. This article describes the development of a novel virus isolate that induces neurologic disease in a high proportion of rhesus macaques infected without the need for prior immunomodulation as is required for some other models.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01996-14","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,4]],"date-time":"2014-09-04T17:34:18Z","timestamp":1409852058000},"page":"13201-13211","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Characterization of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) That Induces SIV Encephalitis in Rhesus Macaques with High Frequency: Role of TRIM5 and Major Histocompatibility Complex Genotypes and Early Entry to the Brain"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Kenta","family":"Matsuda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Que","family":"Dang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of AIDS, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles R.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brandon F.","family":"Keele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilnour","family":"Ourmanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Goeken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sonya","family":"Whitted","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadeene E.","family":"Riddick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alicia","family":"Buckler-White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vanessa M.","family":"Hirsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI10553"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410190602"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410190603"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3277272"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318200d727"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280802216494"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13365-010-0006-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280490521078"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","first-page":"428","article-title":"Early events in tissues during infection with pathogenic (SIVmac239) and nonpathogenic (SIVmac1A11) molecular clones of simian immunodeficiency virus","volume":"145","author":"Lackner AA","year":"1994","unstructured":"LacknerAAVogelPRamosRAKlugeJDMarthasM. 1994. 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