{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T18:24:56Z","timestamp":1770747896716,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,5]],"date-time":"2019-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551744000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,15]],"date-time":"2019-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1552608000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"HHS | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI114730"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI114730"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"HHS | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN272201400008C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN272201400008C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Virol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A single amino acid change at position 226 in the hemagglutinin (HA) from glutamine (Q) to leucine (L) has been shown to play a key role in receptor specificity switching in various influenza virus HA subtypes, including H9. We tested the flexibility of amino acid usage and determined the effects of such changes. The results reveal that amino acids other than L226 and Q226 are well tolerated and that some amino acids allow for the recognition of both avian and human influenza virus receptors in the absence of other changes. Our results can inform better avian influenza virus surveillance efforts as well as contribute to rational vaccine design and improve structural molecular dynamics algorithms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.02011-18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,19]],"date-time":"2018-12-19T10:56:00Z","timestamp":1545216960000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Flexibility\n            <i>In Vitro<\/i>\n            of Amino Acid 226 in the Receptor-Binding Site of an H9 Subtype Influenza A Virus and Its Effect\n            <i>In Vivo<\/i>\n            on Virus Replication, Tropism, and Transmission"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Adebimpe O.","family":"Obadan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Poultry Diagnostic and Research Center, Department of Population Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jefferson","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poultry Diagnostic and Research Center, Department of Population Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucas","family":"Ferreri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poultry Diagnostic and Research Center, Department of Population Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7865-1856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poultry Diagnostic and Research Center, Department of Population Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Carnaccini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poultry Diagnostic and Research Center, Department of Population Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ginger","family":"Geiger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poultry Diagnostic and Research Center, Department of Population Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana S.","family":"Gonzalez Reiche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poultry Diagnostic and Research Center, Department of Population Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA"},{"name":"Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0772-0065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela S.","family":"Raj\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poultry Diagnostic and Research Center, Department of Population Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James C.","family":"Paulson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, and Immunology &amp; Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6569-5689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel R.","family":"Perez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poultry Diagnostic and Research Center, Department of Population Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/embj.201387442"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/333426a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.79.4.968"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(81)90117-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.24.11825-11831.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.69.1.531"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1994.1615"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(89)90249-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(83)90150-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1997.8958"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.19.9300-9305.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(83)90507-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000149014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17057","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)75998-5","article-title":"Human influenza A virus hemagglutinin distinguishes sialyloligosaccharides in membrane-associated gangliosides as its receptor which mediates the adsorption and fusion processes of virus infection. Specificity for oligosaccharides and sialic acids and the sequence to which sialic acid is attached","volume":"261","author":"Suzuki Y","year":"1986","unstructured":"Suzuki Y, Nagao Y, Kato H, Matsumoto M, Nerome K, Nakajima K, Nobusawa E. 1986. Human influenza A virus hemagglutinin distinguishes sialyloligosaccharides in membrane-associated gangliosides as its receptor which mediates the adsorption and fusion processes of virus infection. Specificity for oligosaccharides and sialic acids and the sequence to which sialic acid is attached. J Biol Chem 261:17057\u201317061.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.72.9.7367-7373.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.18.8502-8512.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02827-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.05.034"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.16.9363"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12515"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60111-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1422456112"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.16.8609-8614.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.2000.0799"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.11.5760-5767.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2011.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2017.10.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)03311-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0046378"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2004.02.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1996.8323"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1244730"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.03805-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.1.240-249.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1997.8572"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00094-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1637\/0005-2086-47.s3.1114"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.5.3148-3156.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2005.10.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.07.028"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2006.11.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0059550"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004508"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002923"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/440435a"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006390"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2016.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M114.588541"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003223"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.2001.1121"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02489-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.201401198"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02125-16"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.2000.0679"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.72.9.7626-7631.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0042260"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2010.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02688-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_2","volume-title":"Public Health Service policy on humane care and use of laboratory animals","author":"National Institutes of Health","year":"2002","unstructured":"National Institutes of Health. 2002. Public Health Service policy on humane care and use of laboratory animals. Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-6964-7_16"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02677-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a118408"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_64_2","volume-title":"Manual for the laboratory diagnosis and virological surveillance of influenza","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2011","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2011. Manual for the laboratory diagnosis and virological surveillance of influenza. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02490-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1178258"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002443"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.9.3256-3260.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870902100603"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.16777"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw857"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts199"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2010.090949"}],"container-title":["Journal of Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JVI.02011-18","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JVI.02011-18","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T15:00:42Z","timestamp":1646492442000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JVI.02011-18"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Stacey","family":"Schultz-Cherry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,15]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JVI.02011-18"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jvi.02011-18","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-538X","1098-5514"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-538X","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5514","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-11-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-12-10","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-03-05","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e02011-18"}}