{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T23:01:32Z","timestamp":1792364492523,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,15]],"date-time":"2007-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1173916800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Virol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Rift Valley fever (RVF) virus is a mosquito-borne RNA virus responsible for large explosive outbreaks of acute febrile disease in humans and livestock in Africa with significant mortality and economic impact. The successful high-throughput generation of the complete genome sequence was achieved for 33 diverse RVF virus strains collected from throughout Africa and Saudi Arabia from 1944 to 2000, including strains differing in pathogenicity in disease models. While several distinct virus genetic lineages were determined, which approximately correlate with geographic origin, multiple exceptions indicative of long-distance virus movement have been found. Virus strains isolated within an epidemic (e.g., Mauritania, 1987, or Egypt, 1977 to 1978) exhibit little diversity, while those in enzootic settings (e.g., 1970s Zimbabwe) can be highly diverse. In addition, the large Saudi Arabian RVF outbreak in 2000 appears to have involved virus introduction from East Africa, based on the close ancestral relationship of a 1998 East African virus. Virus genetic diversity was low (\u223c5%) and primarily involved accumulation of mutations at an average of 2.9 \u00d7 10\n                    <jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>\n                    substitutions\/site\/year, although some evidence of RNA segment reassortment was found. Bayesian analysis of current RVF virus genetic diversity places the most recent common ancestor of these viruses in the late 1800s, the colonial period in Africa, a time of dramatic changes in agricultural practices and introduction of nonindigenous livestock breeds. In addition to insights into the evolution and ecology of RVF virus, these genomic data also provide a foundation for the design of molecular detection assays and prototype vaccines useful in combating this important disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.02095-06","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,27]],"date-time":"2006-12-27T20:13:45Z","timestamp":1167250425000},"page":"2805-2816","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":243,"title":["Complete Genome Analysis of 33 Ecologically and Biologically Diverse Rift Valley Fever Virus Strains Reveals Widespread Virus Movement and Low Genetic Diversity due to Recent Common Ancestry"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Brian H.","family":"Bird","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases"},{"name":"University of California, Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California 95616"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina L.","family":"Khristova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Core Facility Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road MS G-14, Atlanta, Georgia 30329"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre E.","family":"Rollin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas G.","family":"Ksiazek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuart T.","family":"Nichol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"Anderson G. W. Jr. W. Lawrence J. O. Lee and William C. Hall. Ocular sequelae associated with Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) infection in inbred rat strains. Abstr. VIIIth Int. Congr. Virol. abstr. P70-002."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0882-4010(88)90096-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0923-2516(89)80090-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-002-0913-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.4048949"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.18.9798-9806.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-80-12-3173"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","first-page":"60","volume":"3","year":"1981","unstructured":"Bucci, T. J., M. I. Moussa, and O. L. Wood. 1981. Experimental Rift Valley fever encephalitis in ACI rats. Contrib. Epidemiol. Biostat.3:60-67.","journal-title":"Contrib. Epidemiol. Biostat."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","first-page":"982","volume":"49","year":"2000","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2000. Update: outbreak of Rift Valley fever\u2014Saudi Arabia, August-November 2000. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.49:982-985.","journal-title":"Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","first-page":"11","volume":"49","year":"1982","unstructured":"Coetzer, J. A. 1982. The pathology of Rift Valley fever. II. Lesions occurring in field cases in adult cattle, calves and aborted foetuses. Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res.49:11-17.","journal-title":"J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","first-page":"49","year":"1989","unstructured":"Collett, M. S., L. T. Kakach, J. A. Suzich, and T. L. Wasmoen. 1989. Gene products and expression strategy of the M segment of the phlebovirus Rift Valley fever virus, p. 49-57. In D. Kolakofsky and B. W. J. Mahy (ed.), Genetics and pathogenicity of negative strand viruses. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.","journal-title":"Genetics and pathogenicity of negative strand viruses"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/11.Supplement_4.S807"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.24.13910"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0040088"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","first-page":"470","volume":"23","year":"1962","unstructured":"Easterday, B. C., M. H. McGavran, J. R. Rooney, and L. C. Murphy. 1962. The pathogenesis of Rift Valley fever in lambs. Am. J. Vet. Res.23:470-479.","journal-title":"Am. J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","first-page":"423","volume":"53","year":"1963","unstructured":"Easterday, B. C., and L. C. Murphy. 1963. Studies on Rift Valley fever in laboratory animals. Cornell Vet.53:423-433.","journal-title":"Cornell Vet."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","first-page":"77","volume":"3","unstructured":"Erasmus, B. J., and J. A. W. Coetzer. The symptomatology and pathology of Rift Valley fever in domestic animals. Contrib. Epidemiol. Biostat.3:77-82.","journal-title":"Contrib. Epidemiol. Biostat."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.8.3.186"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.8.3.175"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)99624-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.16.8922-8926.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","unstructured":"Virology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2006.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","first-page":"385","volume":"138","year":"1987","unstructured":"Gonzalez, J.-P., J. C. Bouquety, J.-L. Lesbordes, M. C. Madelon, C. C. Mathiot, D. M. Y. Meunier, and A. J. Georges. 1987. Rift Valley fever virus and haemorrhagic fever in the Central African Republic. Ann. Inst. Pasteur Virol.138:385-390.","journal-title":"Ann. Inst. Pasteur Virol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.8.3.195"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1069878"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.18.12106-12111.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.80.6.2933-2940.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00239-001-0064-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","unstructured":"Kabete Veterinary Laboratories. Diseases of sheep. Kenya Veterinary Department annual report\u20141910. Kenya Department of Veterinary Services Nairobi Kenya."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(89)90442-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bti320"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(04)00132-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.285.5426.397"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.73.1.152-160.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","first-page":"29","volume":"8","year":"1994","unstructured":"MacOwan, K. D. 1994. The development of a livestock industry in Kenya. Vet. Hist.8:29-37.","journal-title":"Vet. Hist."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/378747"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","first-page":"803","volume":"58","year":"1980","unstructured":"McIntosh, B. M., D. Russell, I. dos Santos, and J. H. Gear. 1980. Rift Valley fever in humans in South Africa. S. Afr. Med. J.58:803-806.","journal-title":"S. Afr. Med. J."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","first-page":"100","volume":"3","year":"1981","unstructured":"Meegan, J. M. 1981. Rift Valley fever in Egypt: an overview of the epizootics in 1977 and 1978. Contrib. Epidemiol. Biostat.3:100-113.","journal-title":"Contrib. Epidemiol. Biostat."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","first-page":"114","volume":"3","year":"1981","unstructured":"Meegan, J. M., R. H. Watten, and L. W. Laughlin. 1981. Clinical experience with Rift Valley fever in humans during the 1977 Egyptian epizootic. Contrib. Epidemiol. Biostat.3:114-123.","journal-title":"Contrib. Epidemiol. Biostat."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","unstructured":"Montgomery R. E. and R. J. Stordy. Report of Veterinary Department for 1912-1913. Annual Report of the Department of Agriculture Kenya Colony."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0923-2516(89)80091-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0923-2516(06)80134-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-75-6-1345"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","first-page":"1603","year":"2001","unstructured":"Nichol, S. T. 2001. Bunyaviruses, p. 1603-1633. In B. N. Fields and D. M. Knipe (ed.), Fields virology, 4th ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA.","journal-title":"Fields virology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1999.2635"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","first-page":"21","volume":"3","year":"1981","unstructured":"Peters, C. J., and G. W. Anderson, Jr. 1981. Pathogenesis of Rift Valley fever. Contrib. Epidemiol. Biostat.3:21-41.","journal-title":"Contrib. Epidemiol. Biostat."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890100107"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/14.9.817"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030098589202900602"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-81-11-2683"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1702(01)00262-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-78-11-2853"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.73.10.8196-8200.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0812.020195"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","unstructured":"Stordy R. J. 1913. Mortality among lambs. Annual Report Department of Agriculture British East Africa 1912-1913."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.64.4.1549-1555.1990"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","first-page":"83","volume":"3","year":"1981","unstructured":"Swanepoel, Robert. 1981. Observations on Rift Valley fever in Zimbabwe. Contrib. Epidemiol. Biostat.3:83-91.","journal-title":"Contrib. Epidemiol. Biostat."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","first-page":"285","volume":"299","year":"2006","unstructured":"Weaver, S. C. 2006. Evolutionary influences in arboviral disease. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol.299:285-314.","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00476-06"}],"container-title":["Journal of Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JVI.02095-06","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JVI.02095-06","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T06:31:41Z","timestamp":1646461901000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JVI.02095-06"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,15]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JVI.02095-06"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jvi.02095-06","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-538X","1098-5514"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-538X","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5514","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2006-09-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2006-12-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2007-03-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}