{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T10:39:19Z","timestamp":1789382359016,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,15]],"date-time":"2011-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1297728000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Virol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The New World arenavirus Junin virus (JUNV) is the causative agent of Argentine hemorrhagic fever (AHF), which is associated with high morbidity and significant mortality. Several pathogenic strains of JUNV have been documented, and a highly attenuated vaccine strain (Candid #1) was generated and used to vaccinate the human population at risk. The identification and functional characterization of viral genetic determinants associated with AHF and Candid #1 attenuation would contribute to the elucidation of the mechanisms contributing to AHF and the development of better vaccines and therapeutics. To this end, we used reverse genetics to rescue the pathogenic Romero and the attenuated Candid #1 strains of JUNV from cloned cDNAs. Both recombinant Candid #1 (rCandid #1) and Romero (rRomero) had the same growth properties and phenotypic features in cultured cells and\n            <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n            as their corresponding parental viruses. Infection with rRomero caused 100% lethality in guinea pigs, whereas rCandid #1 infection was asymptomatic and provided protection against a lethal challenge with Romero. Notably, Romero and Candid #1\n            <jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic>\n            -acting proteins, L and NP, required for virus RNA replication and gene expression were exchangeable in a minigenome rescue assay. These findings support the feasibility of studies aimed at determining the contribution of each viral gene to JUNV pathogenesis and attenuation. In addition, we rescued Candid #1 viruses with three segments that efficiently expressed foreign genes introduced into their genomes. This finding opens the way for the development of a safe multivalent arenavirus vaccine.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.02102-10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,2]],"date-time":"2010-12-02T05:34:01Z","timestamp":1291268041000},"page":"1473-1483","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":112,"title":["Rescue from Cloned cDNAs and\n            <i>In Vivo<\/i>\n            Characterization of Recombinant Pathogenic Romero and Live-Attenuated Candid #1 Strains of Junin Virus, the Causative Agent of Argentine Hemorrhagic Fever Disease"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Sebastien F.","family":"Emonet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Immunology and Microbial Science IMM-6, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexey V.","family":"Seregin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Galveston National Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Sealy Vaccine Center, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadezhda E.","family":"Yun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Galveston National Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Sealy Vaccine Center, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allison L.","family":"Poussard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Galveston National Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Sealy Vaccine Center, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aida G.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Galveston National Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Sealy Vaccine Center, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan C.","family":"de la Torre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Immunology and Microbial Science IMM-6, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Slobodan","family":"Paessler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Galveston National Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Sealy Vaccine Center, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00276-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01837-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-3542(93)90085-W"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"1635","volume":"2","year":"2001","unstructured":"Buchmeier, M. J., M. D. Bowen, and C. J. Peters. 2001. Arenaviridae: the virus and their replication, p. 1635-1668. In D. M. Knipe and P. M. Howley (ed.), Fields virology, fourth ed., vol. 2. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA.","journal-title":"Fields virology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"1792","volume":"2","year":"2007","unstructured":"Buchmeier, M. J., C. J. Peters, and J. C. de la Torre. 2007. Arenaviridae: the viruses and their replication, p. 1792-1827. In D. M. Knipe and P. M. Howley (ed.), Fields virology, fifth ed., vol. 2. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA.","journal-title":"Fields virology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.83464-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-3527(02)58004-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0900088106"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","first-page":"239","volume":"263","year":"2002","unstructured":"Enria, D. A., and J. G. 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