{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T02:24:42Z","timestamp":1781576682028,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,1]],"date-time":"2010-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1275350400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Virol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Flaviviruses have been shown to induce cell surface expression of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) through the activation of NF-\u03baB. Using IKK1\n            <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            , IKK2\n            <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            , NEMO\n            <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            , and IKK1\n            <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            IKK2\n            <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            double mutant as well as p50\n            <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            RelA\n            <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            cRel\n            <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            triple mutant mouse embryonic fibroblasts infected with Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), we show that this flavivirus utilizes the canonical pathway to activate NF-\u03baB in an IKK2- and NEMO-, but not IKK1-, dependent manner. NF-\u03baB DNA binding activity induced upon virus infection was shown to be composed of RelA:p50 dimers in these fibroblasts. Type I interferon (IFN) production was significantly decreased but not completely abolished upon virus infection in cells defective in NF-\u03baB activation. In contrast, induction of classical MHC-I (class 1a) genes and their cell surface expression remained unaffected in these NF-\u03baB-defective cells. However, MHC-I induction was impaired in IFNAR\n            <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            cells that lack the alpha\/beta IFN receptor, indicating a dominant role of type I IFNs but not NF-\u03baB for the induction of MHC-I molecules by Japanese encephalitis virus. Our further analysis revealed that the residual type I IFN signaling in NF-\u03baB-deficient cells is sufficient to drive MHC-I gene expression upon virus infection in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. However, NF-\u03baB could indirectly regulate MHC-I expression, since JEV-induced type I IFN expression was found to be critically dependent on it.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.02250-09","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,1]],"date-time":"2010-04-01T02:45:32Z","timestamp":1270089932000},"page":"5485-5493","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Japanese Encephalitis Virus Utilizes the Canonical Pathway To Activate NF-\u03baB but It Utilizes the Type I Interferon Pathway To Induce Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Expression in Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Sojan","family":"Abraham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashwini Sankrepatna","family":"Nagaraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soumen","family":"Basak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Signaling Systems Laboratory and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, California 92093-0375"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramanathapuram","family":"Manjunath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2006.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2007.12.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2008.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.12.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.01469-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2004.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2005.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/381501"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2004.06.050"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jir.1995.15.1037"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.21535"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(98)70086-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(02)00703-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2005.09.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-3527(03)61003-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-3527(00)55005-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1209941"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2006.00375.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxh318"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2005.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/08828240260066224"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/323603"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","first-page":"91","volume":"267","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kurane, I. 2002. 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