{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T01:31:56Z","timestamp":1792287116784,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,1]],"date-time":"2010-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1272672000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Virol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            A new pathogenic R5-tropic simian\/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) was generated following serial passaging in rhesus macaques. All 13 animals inoculated with SHIV\n            <jats:sub>AD8<\/jats:sub>\n            passaged lineages experienced marked depletions of CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cells. Ten of these infected monkeys became normal progressors (NPs) and had gradual losses of both memory and nai\u0308ve CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T lymphocytes, generated antiviral CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            and CD8\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cell responses, and sustained chronic immune activation while maintaining variable levels of plasma viremia (10\n            <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n            to 10\n            <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n            RNA copies\/ml for up to 3 years postinfection [p.i.]). To date, five NPs developed AIDS associated with opportunistic infections caused by\n            <jats:italic>Pneumocystis carinii<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>Mycobacterium avium<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>Campylobacter coli<\/jats:italic>\n            that required euthanasia between weeks 100 and 199 p.i. Three other NPs have experienced marked depletions of circulating CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T lymphocytes (92 to 154 cells\/\u03bcl) following 1 to 2 years of infection. When tested for coreceptor usage, the viruses isolated from four NPs at the time of their euthanasia remained R5 tropic. Three of the 13 SHIV\n            <jats:sub>AD8<\/jats:sub>\n            -inoculated macaques experienced a rapid-progressor syndrome characterized by sustained plasma viremia of &gt;1 \u00d7 10\n            <jats:sup>7<\/jats:sup>\n            RNA copies\/ml and rapid irreversible loss of memory CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cells that required euthanasia between weeks 19 and 23 postinfection. The sustained viremia, associated depletion of CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T lymphocytes, and induction of AIDS make the SHIV\n            <jats:sub>AD8<\/jats:sub>\n            lineage of viruses a potentially valuable reagent for vaccine studies.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.02279-09","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,11]],"date-time":"2010-02-11T04:24:23Z","timestamp":1265862263000},"page":"4769-4781","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Generation of the Pathogenic R5-Tropic Simian\/Human Immunodeficiency Virus SHIV\n            <sub>AD8<\/sub>\n            by Serial Passaging in Rhesus Macaques"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Yoshiaki","family":"Nishimura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masashi","family":"Shingai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Willey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Sadjadpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy R.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles R.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason M.","family":"Brenchley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alicia","family":"Buckler-White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahel","family":"Petros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Eckhaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic and Research Services Branch, Division of Veterinary Resources, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Hoffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic and Research Services Branch, Division of Veterinary Resources, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsuhiko","family":"Igarashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malcolm A.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1058915"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3282f3ca57"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.290.5491.486"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.22.14044-14056.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20040874"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00202-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-200206010-00001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.170.4.1149"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","unstructured":"Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals. 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