{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T06:36:26Z","timestamp":1789540586867,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,1]],"date-time":"2016-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1454284800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"HHS | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI093445"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI093445"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"HHS | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32-AI060549"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32-AI060549"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Virol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Machupo virus (MACV) is the causative agent of Bolivian hemorrhagic fever. Our previous study demonstrated that a MACV strain with a single amino acid substitution (F438I) in the transmembrane domain of glycoprotein is attenuated but genetically unstable in mice. MACV is closely related to Junin virus (JUNV), the causative agent of Argentine hemorrhagic fever. Others and our group have identified the glycoprotein to be the major viral factor determining JUNV attenuation. In this study, we tested the compatibility of the glycoprotein of the Candid#1 live-attenuated vaccine strain of JUNV in MACV replication and its ability to attenuate MACV\n            <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n            . Recombinant MACV with the Candid#1 glycoprotein (rMACV\/Cd#1-GPC) exhibited growth properties similar to those of Candid#1 and was genetically stable\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            . In a mouse model of lethal infection, rMACV\/Cd#1-GPC was fully attenuated, more immunogenic than Candid#1, and fully protective against MACV infection. Therefore, the MACV strain expressing the glycoprotein of Candid#1 is safe, genetically stable, and highly protective against MACV infection in a mouse model.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:bold>\n            Currently, there are no FDA-approved vaccines and\/or treatments for Bolivian hemorrhagic fever, which is a fatal human disease caused by MACV. The development of antiviral strategies to combat viral hemorrhagic fevers, including Bolivian hemorrhagic fever, is one of the top priorities of the Implementation Plan of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Public Health Emergency Medical Countermeasures Enterprise. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that MACV expressing glycoprotein of Candid#1 is a safe, genetically stable, highly immunogenic, and protective vaccine candidate against Bolivian hemorrhagic fever.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.02615-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,19]],"date-time":"2015-11-19T03:34:17Z","timestamp":1447904057000},"page":"1290-1297","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Machupo Virus Expressing GPC of the Candid#1 Vaccine Strain of Junin Virus Is Highly Attenuated and Immunogenic"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Takaaki","family":"Koma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Patterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexey V.","family":"Seregin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Payal D.","family":"Maharaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milagros","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeanon N.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aida G.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Hallam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Slobodan","family":"Paessler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"1791","volume-title":"Fields virology","author":"Buchmeier MJ","year":"2007","unstructured":"Buchmeier MJ, de la Torre JC, Peters CJ. 2007. Arenaviridae: the viruses and their replication, p 1791\u20131827. In Knipe DM, Howley PM, Griffin DE, Lamb RA, Martin MA, Roizman B, Straus SE (ed), Fields virology, 5th ed, vol 2. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA.","edition":"5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"339","volume-title":"Viral hemorrhagic fevers","author":"Radoshitzky SR","year":"2013","unstructured":"Radoshitzky SR, de Kok-Mercado F, Jahrling P, Bavari S, Kuhn JH. 2013. Bolivian hemorrhagic fever, p 339\u2013358. In Singh S, Ruzek D (ed), Viral hemorrhagic fevers. 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