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However, the mechanism of RSV-induced airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is poorly understood. Furthermore, there are presently neither effective vaccines nor drugs available for the prevention or treatment of RSV infections. In this study, we investigated the effect of the plant extract resveratrol as a means of preventing airway inflammation and attenuating RSV-induced AHR. Our data showed that resveratrol reduced RSV lung titers and the number of infiltrating lymphocytes present in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and reduced inflammation. Furthermore, resveratrol attenuated airway responses to methacholine following RSV infection and significantly decreased gamma interferon (IFN-\u03b3) levels in BALF of RSV-infected mice. Data presented in this report demonstrated that resveratrol controlled Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) expression, inhibited the TRIF signaling pathway, and induced M2 receptor expression following RSV infection. These data support a role for the use of resveratrol as a means of reducing IFN-\u03b3 levels associated with RSV-mediated airway inflammation and AHR, which may be mediated via TLR3 signaling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.05869-11","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,22]],"date-time":"2011-09-22T04:40:52Z","timestamp":1316666452000},"page":"13061-13068","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":120,"title":["Resveratrol-Mediated Gamma Interferon Reduction Prevents Airway Inflammation and Airway Hyperresponsiveness in Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Infected Immunocompromised Mice"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Na","family":"Zang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, CSTC2009CA5002, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohong","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengde","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijia","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, CSTC2009CA5002, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caijing","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, CSTC2009CA5002, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, CSTC2009CA5002, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, CSTC2009CA5002, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, CSTC2009CA5002, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enmei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.102.5.1211"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"1159","article-title":"Respiratory syncytial virus activity\u2014United States, 2003-2004","volume":"53","year":"2004","unstructured":"2004. 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