{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T17:38:17Z","timestamp":1790271497334,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,15]],"date-time":"2012-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1329264000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Virol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rift Valley fever (RVF) virus (RVFV) can cause severe human disease characterized by either acute-onset hepatitis, delayed-onset encephalitis, retinitis and blindness, or a hemorrhagic syndrome. The existing nonhuman primate (NHP) model for RVF utilizes an intravenous (i.v.) exposure route in rhesus macaques (<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Macaca mulatta<\/jats:named-content>). Severe disease in these animals is infrequent, and large cohorts are needed to observe significant morbidity and mortality. To overcome these drawbacks, we evaluated the infectivity and pathogenicity of RVFV in the common marmoset (<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Callithrix jacchus<\/jats:named-content>) by i.v., subcutaneous (s.c.), and intranasal exposure routes to more closely mimic natural exposure. Marmosets were more susceptible to RVFV than rhesus macaques and experienced higher rates of morbidity, mortality, and viremia and marked aberrations in hematological and chemistry values. An overwhelming infection of hepatocytes was a major consequence of infection of marmosets by the i.v. and s.c. exposure routes. Additionally, these animals displayed signs of hemorrhagic manifestations and neurological impairment. Based on our results, the common marmoset model more closely resembles severe human RVF disease and is therefore an ideal model for the evaluation of potential vaccines and therapeutics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.06190-11","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,8]],"date-time":"2011-12-08T05:10:07Z","timestamp":1323321007000},"page":"2109-2120","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Development of a Novel Nonhuman Primate Model for Rift Valley Fever"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Darci R.","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian H.","family":"Bird","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bridget","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara C.","family":"Johnston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"McCarthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley","family":"Keeney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Botto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ginger","family":"Donnelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Shamblin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9sar G.","family":"Albari\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuart T.","family":"Nichol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa E.","family":"Hensley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00674-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01310749"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01310824"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0882-4010(87)90126-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890210109"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1988.39.617"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","first-page":"797","volume-title":"Diagnostic procedures for viral, rickettsial and chlamydial infections","author":"Beaty BJ","year":"1989","unstructured":"BeatyBJ CalisherCH ShopeRE. 1989. 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