{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T21:24:04Z","timestamp":1792185844972,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,26]],"date-time":"2013-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1361836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/3.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,1]],"date-time":"2013-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1367366400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["mBio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The\n            <jats:italic>acp<\/jats:italic>\n            gene encoding the 13-kDa adhesin complex protein (ACP) from\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Neisseria meningitidis<\/jats:named-content>\n            serogroup B strain MC58 was cloned and expressed in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:named-content>\n            , and the purified recombinant ACP (rACP) was used for immunization studies. Analysis of the ACP amino acid sequences from 13 meningococcal strains, isolated from patients and colonized individuals, and 178 strains in the Bacterial Isolate Genome Sequence (BIGS) database showed the presence of only three distinct sequence types (I, II, and III) with high similarity (&gt;98%). Immunization of mice with type I rACP in detergent micelles and liposomes and in saline solution alone induced high levels of serum bactericidal activity (SBA; titers of 1\/512) against the homologous strain MC58 and killed strains of heterologous sequence types II and III with similar SBA titers (1\/128 to 1\/512). Levels of expression of type I, II, or III ACP by different meningococcal strains were similar. ACP functioned as an adhesin, as demonstrated by reduced adherence of\n            <jats:italic>acp<\/jats:italic>\n            knockout (MC58 \u0394ACP) meningococci to human cells\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            and the direct surface binding of rACP and by the ability of anti-rACP sera to inhibit adherence of wild-type bacteria. ACP also mediated the invasion of noncapsular meningococci into human epithelial cells, but it was not a particularly impressive invasin, as the internalized bacterial numbers were low. In summary, the newly identified ACP protein is an adhesin that induces cross-strain bactericidal activity and is therefore an attractive target antigen for incorporation into the next generation of serogroup B meningococcal vaccines.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:bold>\n            Infections caused by\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Neisseria meningitidis<\/jats:named-content>\n            serogroup B are still significant causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide, and broadly protective vaccines of defined antigen composition are not yet licensed. Here, we describe the properties of the adhesin complex protein (ACP), which we demonstrate is a newly recognized molecule that is highly conserved and expressed to similar levels in meningococci and facilitates meningococcal interactions with human cells. We also report that a recombinant ACP protein vaccine induces murine antibodies that significantly kill meningococci expressing different ACP. Taken together, these properties demonstrate that ACP merits serious consideration as a component of a broadly protective vaccine against serogroup B meningococci.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.00041-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,27]],"date-time":"2013-02-27T10:41:44Z","timestamp":1361961704000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["The Adhesin Complex Protein (ACP) of Neisseria meningitidis Is a New Adhesin with Vaccine Potential"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Miao-Chiu","family":"Hung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neisseria Research Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, University of Southampton, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John E.","family":"Heckels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neisseria Research Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, University of Southampton, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myron","family":"Christodoulides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neisseria Research Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, University of Southampton, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2007.29-c"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(83)90340-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.04.071"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/648966"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-61779-346-2_21","volume-title":"Neisseria meningitidis: advanced methods and protocols","author":"Palumbo E","year":"2012","unstructured":"PalumboE FiaschiL BrunelliB MarchiS SavinoS PizzaM . 2012. Antigen identification starting from the genome: a \u201cReverse vaccinology\u201d approach applied to MenB, p. 361\u2013403. In ChristodoulidesM , Neisseria meningitidis: advanced methods and protocols. Humana Press, New York, NY."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.01.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14712598.2011.585965"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","article-title":"A randomized, controlled, phase 1\/2 trial of a Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B bivalent rLP2086 vaccine in healthy children and adolescents","author":"Nissen MD","year":"2012","unstructured":"NissenMD MarshallHS RichmondPC JiangQ HarrisSL JonesTR JansenKU PerezJL . 30 October 2012. A randomized, controlled, phase 1\/2 trial of a Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B bivalent rLP2086 vaccine in healthy children and adolescents. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. (Epub ahead of print.)","journal-title":"Pediatr. Infect. Dis. 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Generating knockout and complementation strains of Neisseria meningitidis, p. 55\u201372. In ChristodoulidesM , Neisseria meningitidis: advanced methods and protocols. 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