{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T23:51:59Z","timestamp":1789602719703,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778630400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32170163"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32170163"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["mBio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Although viruses are primarily characterized as pathogenic agents, certain viruses confer advantages to their hosts. The extent to which a virus can improve host biological performance, however, remains a fascinating topic in virology. An endornavirus, Rhizoctonia solani endornavirus IM (RsEV-IM), was identified as prevalent in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Rhizoctonia solani<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates obtained from potato plants. Comparative analysis with a virus-free isogenic strain demonstrated that RsEV-IM infection enhances mycelial growth, sclerotium formation, stress tolerance, and fungal virulence across multiple plant species. Inoculation tests involving numerous\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">R. solani<\/jats:italic>\n                      strains confirmed that only RsEV-IM-infected strains exhibited high pathogenicity, independent of other mycovirus infections. Additionally, the secreted protein fraction of RsEV-IM-infected fungus contained elevated levels of various proteins, including those involved in cell wall degradation. This fraction not only facilitated\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">R. solani<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection but also suppressed the growth of other fungi and bacteria. These findings position RsEV-IM as a beneficial virus that widely enhances its host\u2019s biological fitness. From both pathological and ecological perspectives, these observations are significant, as they reveal that a mycovirus can serve as a key virulence determinant in fungal populations and potentially shape microbial community dynamics in natural environments.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>\n                        Fungal pathogenicity and ecological traits have long been thought to be primarily governed by endogenous genetic factors. However, this study reveals a mutualistic relationship between an endornavirus (RsEV-IM) and\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Rhizoctonia solani<\/jats:italic>\n                        , demonstrating that viral infection enhances fungal virulence and ecological fitness. RsEV-IM stimulates fungal growth and the secretion of cell wall-degrading enzymes, resulting in a severe disease phenotype. Ecologically, RsEV-IM-infected fungi potentially gain a competitive advantage over soil microbiota. These findings present a key example of a virus acting as an essential extrachromosomal determinant of fungal pathogenicity and ecosystem interactions. Our results advance the understanding of fungal virulence mechanisms and underscore the broader significance of beneficial virus-fungus associations in agriculture and microbial ecology.\n                      <\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.00166-26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T09:55:57Z","timestamp":1776678957000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A beneficial endornavirus enhances the fitness of the phytopathogenic fungus\n                    <i>Rhizotonia solani<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6746-4250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tianxing","family":"Pang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0051rme32","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key 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