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To prevent outbreaks, it is essential to understand their lifestyle and interactions with other microbes in their natural environment.\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Legionella pneumophila<\/jats:named-content>\n            is an important human respiratory pathogen that survives and multiplies in biofilms or intracellularly within protists, such as amoebae. Importantly, transmission to humans occurs from these environmental sources.\n            <jats:italic>Legionella<\/jats:italic>\n            infection generally leads to rapid host cell lysis. It was therefore surprising to observe that amoebae, including fresh environmental isolates, were well protected during\n            <jats:italic>Legionella<\/jats:italic>\n            infection when the bacterial symbiont\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Protochlamydia amoebophila<\/jats:named-content>\n            was also present.\n            <jats:italic>Legionella<\/jats:italic>\n            was not prevented from invading amoebae but was impeded in its ability to develop fully virulent progeny and were ultimately cleared in the presence of the symbiont. 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