{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T13:54:34Z","timestamp":1791554074930,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]],"date-time":"2024-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]],"date-time":"2024-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"EC | European Research Council","award":["865105"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["865105"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0472cxd90","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","award":["51NF40_180541"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51NF40_180541"]}]},{"name":"European Molecular Biology Organization","award":["ALTF 905-2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ALTF 905-2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04wfr2810","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["mBio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The Type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a multicomponent apparatus, present in many Gram-negative bacteria, which can inhibit bacterial prey in various ecological niches.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                      assembles one of its three T6SS (H1-T6SS) to respond to attacks from adjacent competing bacteria. Surprisingly, repeated assemblies of the H1-T6SS, termed dueling, were described in a monoculture in the absence of an attacker strain; however, the underlying mechanism was unknown. Here, we explored the role of H2-T6SS of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                      in triggering H1-T6SS assembly. We show that H2-T6SS inactivation in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                      causes a significant reduction in H1-T6SS dueling and that H2-T6SS activity directly triggers retaliation by the H1-T6SS. Intraspecific competition experiments revealed that elimination of H2-T6SS in non-immune prey cells conferred protection from H1-T6SS. Moreover, we show that the H1-T6SS response is triggered independently of the characterized lipase effectors of the H2-T6SS, as well as those of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Acinetobacter baylyi<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Vibrio cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Our results suggest that H1-T6SS response to H2-T6SS in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                      can impact intraspecific competition, particularly when the H1-T6SS effector-immunity pairs differ between strains, and could determine the outcome of multistrain colonization.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>\n                        The opportunistic pathogen\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                        harbors three different Type VI secretion systems (H1, H2, and H3-T6SS), which can translocate toxins that can inhibit bacterial competitors or inflict damage to eukaryotic host cells. Unlike the unregulated T6SS assembly in other Gram-negative bacteria, the H1-T6SS in\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                        is precisely assembled as a response to various cell damaging attacks from neighboring bacterial cells. Surprisingly, it was observed that neighboring\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                        cells repeatedly assemble their H1-T6SS toward each other. Mechanisms triggering this \u201cdueling\u201d behavior between sister cells were unknown. In this report, we used a combination of microscopy, genetic and intraspecific competition experiments to show that H2-T6SS initiates H1-T6SS dueling. Our study highlights the interplay between different T6SS clusters in\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                        , which may influence the outcomes of multistrain competition in various ecological settings such as biofilm formation and colonization of cystic fibrosis lungs.\n                      <\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.00355-24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]],"date-time":"2024-07-11T09:19:39Z","timestamp":1720689579000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Initiation of H1-T6SS dueling between\n                    <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4935-3079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"George","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biozentrum, University of Basel","place":["Basel, Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-3479-8097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Narayanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biozentrum, University of Basel","place":["Basel, Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8452-8245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Tejada-Arranz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biozentrum, University of Basel","place":["Basel, Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Plack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biozentrum, University 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