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The rise in antibiotic resistance and health care costs emphasizes the need to develop a vaccine against the most common UTI pathogen,\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:named-content>\n                    . Vaccinating mice intranasally with a detoxified heat-labile enterotoxin and two surface-exposed receptors, Hma or IutA, significantly reduced bacterial burden in the bladder. 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