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While these fungi are sibling species,<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. gattii<\/jats:named-content>infects very few AIDS patients, while<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. neoformans<\/jats:named-content>infection is an AIDS-defining illness, suggesting that the host response to HIV selects<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. neoformans<\/jats:named-content>over<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. gattii<\/jats:named-content>. We used a viral mimic molecule (pICLC) to stimulate the immune response, and pICLC treatment improved mouse outcomes from both species. pICLC-induced action against<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. neoformans<\/jats:named-content>was due to activation of well-defined immune pathways known to deter<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. neoformans<\/jats:named-content>, whereas these immune pathways were dispensable for pICLC treatment of<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. gattii<\/jats:named-content>. Since these immune pathways are eventually destroyed by HIV\/AIDS, our data help explain why the antiviral immune response in AIDS patients is unable to control<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. neoformans<\/jats:named-content>infection but is protective against<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. gattii<\/jats:named-content>. Furthermore, pICLC induced tighter control of iron in the lungs of mice, which inhibited<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. gattii<\/jats:named-content>, thus suggesting an entirely new mode of nutritional immunity activated by viral signals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.00799-19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,17]],"date-time":"2019-06-17T11:01:43Z","timestamp":1560769303000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Pulmonary Iron Limitation Induced by Exogenous Type I IFN Protects Mice from Cryptococcus gattii Independently of T Cells"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Davis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Microbiology Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shannon","family":"Moyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Microbiology Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth S.","family":"Hoke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Microbiology Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Sionov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Microbiology Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA"},{"name":"Department of Food Quality and Safety, Institute for Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katrin D.","family":"Mayer-Barber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inflammation &amp; Innate Immunity Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dan L.","family":"Barber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"T-Lymphocyte Biology Unit, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongyi","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Mass Spectrometry Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Jenkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transport Biochemistry Section, Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Walter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Mass Spectrometry Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yun C.","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Microbiology Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyung J.","family":"Kwon-Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Microbiology Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a019760"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"227","article-title":"Saprophytic sources of Cryptococcus neoformans associated with the pigeon (Columba livia)","volume":"62","author":"Emmons CW","year":"1955","unstructured":"Emmons CW. 1955. 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