{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T22:45:31Z","timestamp":1791585931954,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]],"date-time":"2025-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]],"date-time":"2025-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755043200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Project of National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2023YFD1401501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFD1401501"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Development Plan Program of Jilin Province","award":["20240303031NC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20240303031NC"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["mBio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Cochliobolus heterostrophus<\/jats:italic>\n                      , a fungal plant pathogen, is the causal agent of southern corn leaf blight. The bZIP transcription factor Cpc1 is required for response to oxidative stress and amino acid starvation in the saprobe,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Neurospora crassa<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and the human pathogen,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                      . However, although conserved in fungal plant pathogens, Cpc1 function and regulatory mechanisms are still largely unknown. Through targeted gene deletion, we demonstrated that\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ChCPC1<\/jats:italic>\n                      was necessary for nitrogen assimilation and response to amino acid starvation during conidiation and the infection process. In addition, amino acid synthesis and autophagy induction were also impaired in \u0394\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Chcpc1<\/jats:italic>\n                      mutants. We found that ChCpc1 binds to the promoter region of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ChARG1<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ChARG4<\/jats:italic>\n                      to activate arginine synthesis to counteract amino acid depletion. Amino acid deprivation induced autophagy in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. heterostrophus<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and it depended on the direct activation of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ChATG<\/jats:italic>\n                      genes by ChCpc1, which confirmed the genetic relationship between ChCpc1 and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ChATG<\/jats:italic>\n                      genes. Additionally, we demonstrated that ChCpc1 forms a heterodimer with another bZIP transcription factor, ChAtf1, to enhance the binding of ChCpc1 to the promoter regions of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ChARG4<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ChATG8<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Furthermore, mitogen-activated protein kinase ChChk1 phosphorylated ChCpc1 to counteract amino acid depletion in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. heterostrophus<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and the other two components of the MAPK pathway (ChSte7 and ChSte11) were also involved in the response to amino acid starvation stress, conidiation, and virulence in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. heterostrophus<\/jats:italic>\n                      . This study confirmed that ChCpc1 coordinates amino acid synthesis and autophagy to modulate conidiation and virulence in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. heterostrophus<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>\n                        Southern corn leaf blight (SCLB) caused by\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Cochliobolus heterostrophus<\/jats:italic>\n                        is a destructive disease that threatens global maize (\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Zea mays<\/jats:italic>\n                        ) production. The bZIP transcription factor Cpc1 is conserved in fungal plant pathogens; however, the biological function and the regulatory mechanism are still largely unknown. In this study, we characterized the function of ChCpc1 in\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. heterostrophus<\/jats:italic>\n                        , especially noting that ChCpc1 was found to be involved in response to amino acid starvation and autophagy. Additionally, we revealed that ChCpc1 directly targets arginine synthesis genes and autophagy-related genes to counteract amino acid depletion during the infection process of\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. heterostrophus<\/jats:italic>\n                        . Importantly, we found that another bZIP transcription factor, ChAtf1, and protein kinase ChChk1 were also important for responding to amino acid depletion functioning upstream of ChCpc1. The discoveries could broaden the understanding of how plant pathogenic fungi respond to nutrient stress to ensure successful infection.\n                      <\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.00845-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]],"date-time":"2025-07-21T13:00:49Z","timestamp":1753102849000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["ChCpc1, a bZIP transcription factor, coordinates amino acid synthesis and autophagy and modulates conidiation and virulence in\n                    <i>Cochliobolus heterostrophus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0782-3248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huilin","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00js3aw79","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"College of Plant Science, Jilin University","place":["Changchun, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiyue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00js3aw79","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"College of Plant Science, Jilin University","place":["Changchun, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longhao","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00js3aw79","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"College of Plant Science, Jilin University","place":["Changchun, 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