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Glucose and glutamine are the major carbon sources to support parasite growth. In this study, we found that\n            <jats:italic>Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic>\n            is also competent in utilizing lactate and alanine and, thus, exhibits exceptional metabolic versatility. Notably, all these nutrients need to be converted to pyruvate to fuel the lytic cycle, and achieving a continued pyruvate supply is vital to parasite survival and metabolic flexibility. Although pyruvate can be generated by two distinct pyruvate kinases, located in cytosol and apicoplast, respectively, the cytosolic enzyme is the main source of subcellular pyruvate, and cooperative usage of pyruvate among multiple organelles is critical for parasite growth and virulence. These findings expand our current understanding of carbon metabolism in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:named-content>\n            and related parasites while providing a basis for designing novel antiparasitic interventions.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.00898-19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,10]],"date-time":"2019-06-10T14:20:12Z","timestamp":1560176412000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Pyruvate Homeostasis as a Determinant of Parasite Growth and Metabolic Plasticity in Toxoplasma gondii"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Ningbo","family":"Xia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People\u2019s Republic of 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