{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T19:58:49Z","timestamp":1783367929413,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,15]],"date-time":"2014-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1397520000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/3.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,1]],"date-time":"2014-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1398902400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["mBio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Candida albicans<\/jats:named-content>\n                    is a fungus that colonizes oral cavity surfaces, the gut, and the genital tract.\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Streptococcus gordonii<\/jats:named-content>\n                    is a ubiquitous oral bacterium that has been shown to form biofilm communities with\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. albicans<\/jats:named-content>\n                    . Formation of dual-species\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. gordonii<\/jats:named-content>\n                    -\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. albicans<\/jats:named-content>\n                    biofilm communities involves interaction of the\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. gordonii<\/jats:named-content>\n                    SspB protein with the Als3 protein on the hyphal filament surface of\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. albicans<\/jats:named-content>\n                    . Mannoproteins comprise a major component of the\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. albicans<\/jats:named-content>\n                    cell wall, and in this study we sought to determine if mannosylation in cell wall biogenesis of\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. albicans<\/jats:named-content>\n                    was necessary for hyphal adhesin functions associated with interkingdom biofilm development. A\n                    <jats:italic>C.\u00a0albicans mnt1<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u0394\n                    <jats:italic>mnt2<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u0394 mutant, with deleted \u03b1-1,2-mannosyltransferase genes and thus defective in\n                    <jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>\n                    -mannosylation, was abrogated in biofilm formation under various growth conditions and produced hyphal filaments that were not recognized by\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. gordonii<\/jats:named-content>\n                    . Cell wall proteomes of hypha-forming\n                    <jats:italic>mnt1<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u0394\n                    <jats:italic>mnt2<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u0394 mutant cells showed growth medium-dependent alterations, compared to findings for the wild type, in a range of protein components, including Als1, Als3, Rbt1, Scw1, and Sap9. Hyphal filaments formed by\n                    <jats:italic>mnt1<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u0394\n                    <jats:italic>mnt2<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u0394 mutant cells, unlike wild-type hyphae, did not interact with\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. albicans<\/jats:named-content>\n                    Als3 or Hwp1 partner cell wall proteins or with\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. gordonii<\/jats:named-content>\n                    SspB partner adhesin, suggesting defective functionality of adhesins on the\n                    <jats:italic>mnt1<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u0394\n                    <jats:italic>mnt2<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u0394 mutant. These observations imply that early stage\n                    <jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>\n                    -mannosylation is critical for activation of hyphal adhesin functions required for biofilm formation, recognition by bacteria such as\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. gordonii<\/jats:named-content>\n                    , and microbial community development.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:bold>\n                    In the human mouth, microorganisms form communities known as biofilms that adhere to the surfaces present.\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Candida albicans<\/jats:named-content>\n                    is a fungus that is often found within these biofilms. We have focused on the mechanisms by which\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. albicans<\/jats:named-content>\n                    becomes incorporated into communities containing bacteria, such as\n                    <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                    . We find that impairment of early stage addition of mannose sugars to\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. albicans<\/jats:named-content>\n                    hyphal filament proteins deleteriously affects their subsequent performance in mediating formation of polymicrobial biofilms. Our analyses provide new understanding of the way that microbial communities develop, and of potential means to control\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. albicans<\/jats:named-content>\n                    infections.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.00911-14","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,16]],"date-time":"2014-04-16T00:13:49Z","timestamp":1397607229000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["<i>O<\/i>\n                    -Mannosylation in Candida albicans Enables Development of Interkingdom Biofilm Communities"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Lindsay C.","family":"Dutton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela H.","family":"Nobbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katy","family":"Jepson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark A.","family":"Jepson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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