{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T12:27:14Z","timestamp":1787315234253,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,19]],"date-time":"2020-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]],"date-time":"2020-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593475200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MCB-1716232"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MCB-1716232"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001395","name":"Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001395","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["mBio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Secondary metabolites play important roles in microbial communities, but their natural functions are often unknown and may be more complex than appreciated. While compounds with antibiotic activity are often assumed to underlie microbial competition, they may alternatively act as signal molecules. In either scenario, microorganisms might evolve responses to sublethal concentrations of these metabolites, either to protect themselves from inhibition or to change certain behaviors in response to the local abundance of another species. Here, we report that violacein production by\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. violaceum<\/jats:named-content>\n                    ATCC 31532 is induced in response to hygromycin A from\n                    <jats:italic>Streptomyces<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. 2AW, and we show that this response is dependent on inhibition of translational polypeptide elongation and a previously uncharacterized two-component regulatory system. The breadth of the transcriptional response beyond violacein induction suggests a surprisingly complex metabolite-mediated microbe-microbe interaction and supports the hypothesis that antibiotics evolved as signal molecules. These novel insights will inform predictive models of soil community dynamics and the unintended effects of clinical antibiotic administration.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.00948-20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]],"date-time":"2020-05-18T09:18:21Z","timestamp":1589793501000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["A Chemical Counterpunch: Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC 31532 Produces Violacein in Response to Translation-Inhibiting Antibiotics"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9327-4470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel L.","family":"Lozano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wisconsin Institute for Discovery and Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin\u2212Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA"},{"name":"Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental 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