{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T17:05:50Z","timestamp":1791219950296,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,22]],"date-time":"2015-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1442880000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/3.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,30]],"date-time":"2015-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1446163200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["mBio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Nontyphoidal\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Salmonella enterica<\/jats:named-content>\n            (NTS) infections are a major burden to global public health, as they lead to diseases ranging from gastroenteritis to systemic infections and there is currently no vaccine available. Here, we describe a highly effective component vaccine against\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. enterica<\/jats:named-content>\n            serovar\u00a0Typhimurium in both gastroenteritis and systemic murine infection models. We devised an approach to generate supernatants of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. enterica<\/jats:named-content>\n            serovar Typhimurium, an organism that is highly abundant in virulence factors. Immunization of mice with this supernatant resulted in dramatic protection against a challenge with serovar Typhimurium, showing increased survival in the systemic model and decreased intestinal pathology in the gastrointestinal model. Protection correlated with specific IgA and IgG levels in the serum and specific secretory IgA levels in the feces of immunized mice. Initial characterization of the protective antigens in the bacterial culture supernatants revealed a subset of antigens that exhibited remarkable stability, a highly desirable characteristic of an effective vaccine to be used under suboptimal environmental conditions in developing countries. We were able to purify a subset of the peptides present in the supernatants and show their potential for immunization of mice against serovar Typhimurium resulting in a decreased level of colonization. This component vaccine shows promise with regard to protecting against NTS, and further work should significantly help to establish vaccines against these prevalent infections.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:bold>\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Salmonella enterica<\/jats:named-content>\n            infections other than typhoid and paratyphoid fever are a major global health burden, as they cause high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Strategies that prevent\n            <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n            -related diseases are greatly needed, and there is a significant push for the development of vaccines against nontyphoidal\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Salmonella enterica<\/jats:named-content>\n            serovars. In this work, we describe an\n            <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n            .\u00a0Typhimurium supernatant-derived vaccine that is effective in reducing bacterial colonization in mouse models of gastroenteritis as well as invasive disease. This is a component vaccine that shows high stability to heat, a feature that is important for use under suboptimal conditions, such as those found in sub-Saharan Africa.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.01421-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,23]],"date-time":"2015-09-23T03:33:15Z","timestamp":1442979195000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["A Highly Effective Component Vaccine against Nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica Infections"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Rosana B. R.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"},{"name":"Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de G\u00f3es, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanet","family":"Valdez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian K.","family":"Coombes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Subash","family":"Sad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joost W.","family":"Gouw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for High-Throughput Biology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric M.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuling","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guntram A.","family":"Grassl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. Caetano M.","family":"Antunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola Nacional de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica Sergio Arouca, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Navkiran","family":"Gill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mimi","family":"Truong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Scholz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa A.","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laskshmi","family":"Krishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Council Canada, Institute for Biological Sciences, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed A.","family":"Zafer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Council Canada, Institute for Biological Sciences, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neta","family":"Sal-Man","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Lowden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research, Centre for Structural and Functional Genomics, Concordia University, Montreal, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sigrid D.","family":"Auweter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonard J.","family":"Foster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for High-Throughput Biology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. Brett","family":"Finlay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2011.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"418","article-title":"Preliminary FoodNet data on the incidence of infection with pathogens transmitted commonly through food\u201410 states, 2009","volume":"59","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2010","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2010. Preliminary FoodNet data on the incidence of infection with pathogens transmitted commonly through food\u201410 states, 2009. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 59:418\u2013422.","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(10)70072-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e32833dd25d"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/650733"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir263"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2008.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-0981-7_3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200208160-00009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.07.111"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2010.0607"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01333-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.05.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/w05-008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/150.3.425"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0812431106"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Muthukkumar S Muthukkaruppan VR. 1993. Mechanism of protective immunity induced by porin-lipopolysaccharide against murine salmonellosis. Infect Immun 61:3017\u20133025.","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.61.7.3017-3025.1993"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.2.986"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2003.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2003.03313.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2007.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M404299200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.6.3219-3227.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.5.2839-2858.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0020338"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81003-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0006994"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.276.5310.250"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1111413109"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00104-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ortiz V Isibasi A Garc\u00eda-Ortigoza E Kumate J. 1989. Immunoblot detection of class-specific humoral immune response to outer membrane proteins isolated from Salmonella typhi in humans with typhoid fever. J Clin Microbiol 27:1640\u20131645.","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.27.7.1640-1645.1989"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brown A Hormaeche CE. 1989. The antibody response to salmonellae in mice and humans studied by immunoblots and ELISA. Microb Pathog 6:445\u2013454.","DOI":"10.1016\/0882-4010(89)90086-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.11.090"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2008.04.036"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1462-5822.2001.00087.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1996.tb02533.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","unstructured":"Reference deleted."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0854.2003.40106.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac026117i"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1615-9314(20020601)25:9<557::AID-JSSC557>3.0.CO;2-F"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/pr900721e"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1240"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M500061-MCP200"}],"container-title":["mBio"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/mBio.01421-15","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/mBio.01421-15","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]],"date-time":"2022-03-08T02:00:25Z","timestamp":1646704825000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/mBio.01421-15"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Rino","family":"Rappuoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,30]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,30]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/mBio.01421-15"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/mbio.01421-15","relation":{},"ISSN":["2161-2129","2150-7511"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2161-2129","type":"print"},{"value":"2150-7511","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-08-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-08-21","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-09-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e01421-15"}}