{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T21:05:33Z","timestamp":1790975133236,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,16]],"date-time":"2018-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1539648000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,7]],"date-time":"2018-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541548800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"HHS | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI111538"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI111538"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"HHS | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI064389"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI064389"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["mBio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Following the deadly anthrax attacks of 2001, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) determined that\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Bacillus anthracis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    and\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Yersinia pestis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    that cause anthrax and plague, respectively, are two Tier 1 select agents that pose the greatest threat to the national security of the United States. Both cause rapid death, in 3 to 6\u2009days, of exposed individuals. We engineered a virus nanoparticle vaccine using bacteriophage T4 by incorporating key antigens of both\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">B. anthracis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    and\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Y. pestis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    into one formulation. Two doses of this vaccine provided complete protection against both inhalational anthrax and pneumonic plague in animal models. This dual anthrax-plague vaccine is a strong candidate for stockpiling against a potential bioterror attack involving either one or both of these biothreat agents. Further, our results establish the T4 nanoparticle as a novel platform to develop multivalent vaccines against pathogens of high public health significance.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.01926-18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,15]],"date-time":"2018-10-15T05:25:11Z","timestamp":1539581111000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["A Bacteriophage T4 Nanoparticle-Based Dual Vaccine against Anthrax and Plague"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Pan","family":"Tao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marthandan","family":"Mahalingam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingen","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahtab","family":"Moayeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Sha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA"},{"name":"Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William S.","family":"Lawrence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA"},{"name":"Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen H.","family":"Leppla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashok K.","family":"Chopra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA"},{"name":"Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA"},{"name":"Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA"},{"name":"Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA"},{"name":"Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Venigalla B.","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1402981111"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2017. 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