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The wild-type (WT) strain overexpressing\n                      <jats:italic>mstA<\/jats:italic>\n                      , encoding 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfur transferase, produced significantly higher H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      S levels than the control WT strain. The\n                      <jats:italic>mstA<\/jats:italic>\n                      -overexpressing strain exhibited increased resistance to antibiotics, supporting the prior hypothesis that intracellular H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      S contributes to oxidative stress responses and antibiotic resistance. RNA-seq analysis revealed that over 1,000 genes were significantly upregulated or downregulated upon\n                      <jats:italic>mstA<\/jats:italic>\n                      overexpression. The upregulated genes encompassed those associated with iron uptake, including siderophore synthesis and iron import transporters. The\n                      <jats:italic>mstA<\/jats:italic>\n                      -overexpressing strain showed increased levels of intracellular iron content, indicating that H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      S hyperaccumulation affects iron availability within cells. We found that the H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      S-\/supersulfide-responsive transcription factor YgaV is required for the upregulated expression of iron uptake genes in the\n                      <jats:italic>mstA<\/jats:italic>\n                      -overexpression conditions. These findings indicate that the expression of iron uptake genes is regulated by intracellular H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      S, which is crucial for oxidative stress responses and antibiotic resistance in\n                      <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      S is recognized as a second messenger in bacteria, playing a vital role in diverse intracellular and extracellular activities, including oxidative stress responses and antibiotic resistance. Both H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      S and iron serve as essential signaling molecules for gut bacteria. However, the intricate intracellular coordination between them, governing bacterial physiology, remains poorly understood. This study unveils a close relationship between intracellular H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      S accumulation and iron uptake activity, a relationship critical for antibiotic resistance. We present additional evidence expanding the role of intracellular H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      S synthesis in bacterial physiology.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.01991-24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]],"date-time":"2024-09-26T09:00:24Z","timestamp":1727341224000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Increased intracellular H\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    S levels enhance iron uptake in\n                    <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Shouta","family":"Nonoyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 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