{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T22:29:24Z","timestamp":1792794564358,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729036800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"MOST | National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["31961133020,32370015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31961133020,32370015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["mBio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>\n              <jats:italic>Malassezia globosa<\/jats:italic>\n              is a lipophilic\n              <jats:italic>basidiomycetous<\/jats:italic>\n              yeast that occurs abundantly in breast tumors and that may contribute to a shortened overall survival of breast cancer (BRAC) patients, suggesting that the yeast may participate in the carcinogenesis of BRAC. However, the mechanisms involved in the\n              <jats:italic>M. globosa<\/jats:italic>\n              -based acceleration of BRAC are unknown. Here, we show that\n              <jats:italic>M. globosa<\/jats:italic>\n              can colonize mammary tissue in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a] anthracene-induced mice. The abundance of\n              <jats:italic>M. globosa<\/jats:italic>\n              shortened the overall survival and increased the tumor incidence. Transcriptome data illustrated that IL-17A plays a key role in tumor growth due to\n              <jats:italic>M. globosa<\/jats:italic>\n              colonization, and tumor-associated macrophage infiltration was elevated during\n              <jats:italic>M. globosa<\/jats:italic>\n              colonization which triggers M2 polarization of macrophages via toll-like receptors 4\/nuclear factor kappa-B (Nf-\u03baB) signaling. Our results show that the expression of sphingosine kinase 1 (Sphk1) is increased in breast tumors after inoculation with\n              <jats:italic>M. globosa<\/jats:italic>\n              . Moreover, we discovered that Sphk1-specific small interfering RNA blocked the formation of lipid droplets, which can effectively alleviate the expression of the signal transducer and activator of the transcription 3 (STAT3)\/Nf-\u03baB pathway. Taken together, our results demonstrate that\n              <jats:italic>M. globosa<\/jats:italic>\n              could be a possible factor for the progression of BRAC. The mechanisms by which\n              <jats:italic>M. globosa<\/jats:italic>\n              promotes BRAC development involve the IL-17A\/macrophage axis. Meanwhile, Sphk1 overexpression was induced by\n              <jats:italic>M. globosa<\/jats:italic>\n              infection, which also promoted the proliferation of MCF-7 cells.\n            <\/jats:p>\n            <jats:sec>\n              <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n              <jats:p>\n                Literature has suggested that\n                <jats:italic>Malassezia globosa<\/jats:italic>\n                is associated with breast tumors; however, this association has not been confirmed. Here, we found that\n                <jats:italic>M. globosa<\/jats:italic>\n                colonizes in breast fat pads leading to tumor growth. As a lipophilic yeast, the expression of sphingosine kinase 1 (Sphk1) was upregulated to promote tumor growth after\n                <jats:italic>M. globosa<\/jats:italic>\n                colonization. Moreover, the IL-17A\/macrophages axis plays a key role in mechanisms involved in the\n                <jats:italic>M. globosa<\/jats:italic>\n                -induced breast cancer acceleration from the tumor immune microenvironment perspective.\n              <\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.01993-24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]],"date-time":"2024-09-05T13:00:22Z","timestamp":1725541222000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Breast cancer colonization by\n            <i>Malassezia globosa<\/i>\n            accelerates tumor growth"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1001-4612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miao-Miao","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-Hui","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zi-Ye","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Jing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green 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