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A short cervical length and the depletion of\n            <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n            species are known risk factors for preterm birth. However, in many resource-poor areas of the world, the technology to test for their occurrence is unavailable, and pregnant women with these risk factors are neither identified nor treated. In this study, we used path analysis to gain an unprecedented understanding of interactions between vaginal microbiome composition, the concentrations of various compounds in vaginal secretions, and cervical length. We identified low-cost point-of-care measures that might be used to identify pregnant women at risk for preterm birth. The use of these measures coupled with appropriate preventative or treatment strategies could reduce the incidence of preterm births in poor areas of the world that lack access to more sophisticated diagnostic methods.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.02242-19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,21]],"date-time":"2019-10-21T12:34:44Z","timestamp":1571661284000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Vaginal Biomarkers That Predict Cervical Length and Dominant Bacteria in the Vaginal Microbiomes of Pregnant Women"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Steven S.","family":"Witkin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA"},{"name":"Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio F.","family":"Moron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin J.","family":"Ridenhour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA"},{"name":"Center for Modeling Complex Interactions, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA"},{"name":"Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evelyn","family":"Minis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Hatanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanno G. 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