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Epidemiological data suggest that use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) increases the risk for CDI in humans, a potentially important observation given the widespread use of NSAIDs. Prior studies in rodent models of CDI found that NSAID exposure following infection increases the severity of CDI, but mechanisms to explain this are lacking. Here we present new data from a mouse model of antibiotic-associated CDI suggesting that brief NSAID exposure prior to CDI increases the severity of the infectious colitis. These data shed new light on potential mechanisms linking NSAID use to worsened CDI, including drug-induced disturbances to the gut microbiome and colonic epithelial integrity. Studies were limited to a single NSAID (indomethacin), so future studies are needed to assess the generalizability of our findings and to establish a direct link to the human condition.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.02282-18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,7]],"date-time":"2019-01-07T17:31:10Z","timestamp":1546882270000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs Alter the Microbiota and Exacerbate\n                    <i>Clostridium difficile<\/i>\n                    Colitis while Dysregulating the Inflammatory Response"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0722-6881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Damian","family":"Maseda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3228-3055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph P.","family":"Zackular","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Trindade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leslie","family":"Kirk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer Lising","family":"Roxas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa M.","family":"Rogers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary K.","family":"Washington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liping","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Quantitative Sciences, Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsuki","family":"Koyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Quantitative Sciences, Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V. 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