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Antibiotic therapy can be successful, yet up to one-third of individuals suffer from recurrent infections. Understanding the mechanisms controlling\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. difficile<\/jats:named-content>\n            colonization is paramount in designing novel treatments for primary and recurrent CDI. Here, we found that limiting nutrients control\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. difficile<\/jats:named-content>\n            metabolism during CDI and influence overall pathogen fitness. Specifically, the immune protein CP limits Zn availability and increases transcription of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. difficile<\/jats:named-content>\n            genes necessary for proline fermentation. Paradoxically, this leads to reduced\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. difficile<\/jats:named-content>\n            proline fermentation. This reduced fermentation is due to limited availability of another nutrient required for proline fermentation, Se. Therefore, CP-mediated Zn limitation combined with low Se levels overall reduce\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. difficile<\/jats:named-content>\n            fitness in the intestines. These results emphasize the complexities of how nutrient availability influences\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. difficile<\/jats:named-content>\n            colonization and provide insight into critical metabolic processes that drive the pathogen\u2019s growth.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.02289-19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,18]],"date-time":"2019-11-18T13:41:38Z","timestamp":1574084498000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["The Immune Protein Calprotectin Impacts Clostridioides difficile Metabolism through Zinc Limitation"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Christopher A.","family":"Lopez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"},{"name":"Vanderbilt Institute for 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