{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T13:03:06Z","timestamp":1792501386359,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,17]],"date-time":"2019-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,24]],"date-time":"2019-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577145600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"UK Research and Innovation | Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/P022138\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/P022138\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"UK Research and Innovation | Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/J006874\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/J006874\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["mBio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Diarrheal disease remains the second leading cause of death in children under five.\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Shigella<\/jats:named-content>\n                    remains a significant cause of diarrheal disease with two species,\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. flexneri<\/jats:named-content>\n                    and\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. sonnei<\/jats:named-content>\n                    , causing the majority of infections.\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. flexneri<\/jats:named-content>\n                    are well known to cause cell death in macrophages, which contributes to the inflammatory nature of\n                    <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n                    diarrhea. Here, we demonstrate that\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. sonnei<\/jats:named-content>\n                    causes less cell death than\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. flexneri<\/jats:named-content>\n                    due to a reduced number of bacteria present in the cell cytosol. We identify the O-Ag polysaccharide which, uniquely among\n                    <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp., is present in two forms on the bacterial cell surface as the bacterial factor responsible. Our data indicate that\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. sonnei<\/jats:named-content>\n                    differs from\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. flexneri<\/jats:named-content>\n                    in key aspects of infection and that more attention should be given to characterization of\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. sonnei<\/jats:named-content>\n                    infection.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.02654-19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,16]],"date-time":"2019-12-16T07:54:47Z","timestamp":1576482887000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["<i>Shigella sonnei<\/i>\n                    O-Antigen Inhibits Internalization, Vacuole Escape, and Inflammasome 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