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KS is a highly inflammatory tumor, but how KSHV infection induces inflammation remains unclear. We have previously shown that KSHV infection upregulates Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), sensitizing cells to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:named-content>\n                    . In the current study, we examined the role of\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:named-content>\n                    , an opportunistic bacterium that can affect AIDS patients, in inflammation and cell proliferation of KSHV-transformed cells.\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:named-content>\n                    stimulation increased cell proliferation, inflammatory cytokines, and activation of growth and survival pathways in KSHV-transformed cells through two pathogen-associated molecular patterns, LPS and flagellin. Because AIDS-KS patients are susceptible to\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:named-content>\n                    infection, our work highlights the preventive and therapeutic potential of targeting\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:named-content>\n                    infection in these patients.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.02843-20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,9]],"date-time":"2020-11-09T09:29:54Z","timestamp":1604914194000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Pseudomonas aeruginosa Stimulates Inflammation and Enhances Kaposi\u2019s Sarcoma Herpesvirus-Induced Cell Proliferation and Cellular Transformation through both Lipopolysaccharide and Flagellin"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Ashley","family":"Markazi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Virology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paige M.","family":"Bracci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"McGrath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The AIDS and Cancer Specimen Resource and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pathology, and Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 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