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SARS-CoV-2 mainly replicates in human airway epithelia in COVID-19 patients. In this study, we used\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    cultures of polarized human bronchial airway epithelium to model SARS-CoV-2 replication for a period of 21 to 51\u2009days. We discovered that\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    airway epithelial cultures endure a long-lasting SARS-CoV-2 propagation with recurrent peaks of progeny virus release at an interval of approximately 7 to 10\u2009days. Our study also revealed that SARS-CoV-2 infection causes airway epithelia damage with disruption of tight junction function and loss of cilia. Importantly, SARS-CoV-2 exhibits a polarity of infection in airway epithelium only from the apical membrane; it infects ciliated and goblet cells but not basal and club cells. Furthermore, the productive infection of SARS-CoV-2 requires a high viral load of over 2.5\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n                    virions per cm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    of epithelium. Our study highlights that the proliferation of airway basal cells and regeneration of airway epithelium may contribute to the recurrent infections.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.02852-20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,9]],"date-time":"2020-11-09T09:29:54Z","timestamp":1604914194000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["Long-Term Modeling of SARS-CoV-2 Infection of\n                    <i>In Vitro<\/i>\n                    Cultured Polarized Human Airway Epithelium"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Siyuan","family":"Hao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, 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