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While we know that the\n            <jats:italic>V. cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n            biofilm matrix contains exopolysaccharide, matrix proteins, and extracellular DNA, we do not have a comprehensive understanding of the majority of biofilm matrix components. Here, we discover outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) within the biofilm matrix of\n            <jats:italic>V. cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n            . Proteomic analysis of the matrix and matrix-associated OMVs showed that OMVs carry key matrix proteins and\n            <jats:italic>Vibrio<\/jats:italic>\n            polysaccharide (VPS) to help build biofilms. We also characterize the role of the highly abundant outer membrane protein OmpU in biofilm formation and show that it impacts biofilm architecture in a VPS-dependent manner. Understanding\n            <jats:italic>V. cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n            biofilm formation is important for developing a better prevention and treatment strategy framework.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.03304-23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,11]],"date-time":"2024-01-11T14:01:45Z","timestamp":1704981705000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Outer membrane vesicles and the outer membrane protein OmpU govern\n            <i>Vibrio cholerae<\/i>\n            biofilm matrix assembly"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6855-8954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Potapova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, 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