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There is a pressing need for new treatments for this infection, as current antifungal therapy is hampered by toxicity and\/or the inability of the host\u2019s immune system to aid in resolution of the disease. An ideal target for new therapies is the fungal cell wall. The cryptococcal cell wall is different from the cell walls of many other pathogenic fungi in that it contains chitosan. Strains that have decreased chitosan are less pathogenic and strains that are deficient in chitosan are avirulent and can induce protective responses. In this study, we investigated the host responses to a\n                    <jats:italic>chs3\u0394<\/jats:italic>\n                    strain, a chitosan-deficient strain, and found that mice inoculated with the\n                    <jats:italic>chs3\u0394<\/jats:italic>\n                    strain all died within 36\u2009h and that death was associated with an aberrant hyperinflammatory immune response driven by neutrophils, indicating that chitosan is critical in modulating the immune response to\n                    <jats:italic>Cryptococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.03373-19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,17]],"date-time":"2020-02-17T08:09:17Z","timestamp":1581926957000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Cryptococcus neoformans Chitin Synthase 3 Plays a Critical Role in Dampening Host Inflammatory Responses"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Camaron R.","family":"Hole","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Woei C.","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajendra","family":"Upadhya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer K.","family":"Lodge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3182926f95"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2015.0468"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/9781555816858"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit794"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30243-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0056269"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-017-8600-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.4.11.1902-1912.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.05138-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00547-16"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2393","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.5.2393","article-title":"IL-5 is required for eosinophil recruitment, crystal deposition, and mononuclear cell recruitment during a pulmonary Cryptococcus neoformans infection in genetically susceptible mice (C57BL\/6)","volume":"160","author":"Huffnagle GB","year":"1998","unstructured":"Huffnagle GB, Boyd MB, Street NE, Lipscomb MF. 1998. IL-5 is required for eosinophil recruitment, crystal deposition, and mononuclear cell recruitment during a pulmonary Cryptococcus neoformans infection in genetically susceptible mice (C57BL\/6). 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