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The molecular mechanisms that enable the obligatory intracellular bacterium<jats:italic>Neorickettsia<\/jats:italic>to colonize trematodes and to horizontally transmit from trematodes to mammals, as well as the virulence factors associated with specific mammalian hosts, are unknown. Potomac horse fever (PHF) is a severe and acute systemic infectious disease of horses, with clinical signs that include diarrhea.<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Neorickettsia risticii<\/jats:named-content>is the only known bacterial species that causes PHF. Ingestion of insects harboring<jats:italic>N. risticii<\/jats:italic>-infected trematodes by horses leads to PHF. Our discovery of a new<jats:italic>Neorickettsia<\/jats:italic>species that causes PHF and whole-genome sequence analysis of this bacterium will improve laboratory diagnosis and vaccine development for PHF and will contribute to our understanding of<jats:italic>Neorickettsia<\/jats:italic>ecology, pathogenesis, and biology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.03429-19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,24]],"date-time":"2020-02-24T12:03:45Z","timestamp":1582545825000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Isolation and Molecular Analysis of a Novel<i>Neorickettsia<\/i>Species That Causes Potomac Horse Fever"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Omid","family":"Teymournejad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular, Cellular, and Environmental Rickettsiology, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mingqun","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular, Cellular, and Environmental Rickettsiology, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Bekebrede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular, Cellular, and Environmental Rickettsiology, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Kamr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ramiro E.","family":"Toribio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis G.","family":"Arroyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John D.","family":"Baird","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuko","family":"Rikihisa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular, Cellular, and Environmental Rickettsiology, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2004.00683.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(54)90032-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","first-page":"256","article-title":"Neorickettsia helminthica, a new rickettsia-like disease agent in dogs in western United States transmitted by a helminth","volume":"2","author":"Philip CB","year":"1953","unstructured":"Philip CB, Hadlow WJ, Hughes LE. 1953. 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