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Here, we summarize the impact of these advances on our understanding of this important parasite. In the initial section, we focus on what we have learned about host range and infectivity from comparative genomics, briefly review the public health impact of human infection, and summarize recent findings on immune control and interactions with other gut microbes that influence infection. The second half of the review is devoted to new technical advances that have uncovered novel biological findings. As research on\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n                    is still in its infancy, we finish by summarizing some of the challenges and opportunities for future research.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/mmbr.00148-22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T14:40:47Z","timestamp":1767796847000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["New tools for exploring parasite biology and elucidating host-pathogen interactions in cryptosporidiosis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Abigail","family":"Kimball","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine","place":["St. Louis, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanyi","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine","place":["St. Louis, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iti","family":"Saraav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine","place":["St. Louis, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Funkhouser-Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine","place":["St. Louis, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0975-1949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentin","family":"Greigert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine","place":["St. Louis, USA"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03hypw319","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"UR ESCAPE, Universit\u00e9 de Reims Champagne-Ardenne","place":["Reims, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fuxian","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05v9jqt67","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05v9jqt67","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8380-1246","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yaoyu","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05v9jqt67","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8532-2727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lihua","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05v9jqt67","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7110-0285","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"L. David","family":"Sibley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine","place":["St. Louis, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2021.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-023-05844-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2018.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2024.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","volume-title":"Cryptosporidium","author":"Xiao L","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xiao L, Feng Y. 2023. Cryptosporidium. 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