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While environmental factors contribute to disease onset, growing evidence highlights a central role for host genetic determinants in influencing susceptibility, severity, and clinical outcomes. In addition, sex-specific differences have emerged as important modifiers of immune responses and disease progression. This review examines the genetic architecture of viral myocarditis, integrating human genetic studies with mechanistic insights derived largely from coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) models, which provide the most comprehensive experimental framework for dissecting gene\u2013disease relationships\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    . By integrating genetic associations with their functional implications, we aim to deepen the understanding of viral myocarditis and inform future research directions and potential therapeutic strategies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/mmbr.00357-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T13:00:23Z","timestamp":1776690023000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Genetic factors contributing to viral myocarditis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"90","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3398-104X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhihan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul\u2019s Hospital-University of British Columbia","place":["Vancouver, Canada"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03rmrcq20","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia","place":["Vancouver, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3950-2070","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yasir","family":"Mohamud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul\u2019s Hospital-University of British Columbia","place":["Vancouver, Canada"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03rmrcq20","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia","place":["Vancouver, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7708-7840","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Honglin","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul\u2019s Hospital-University of British Columbia","place":["Vancouver, Canada"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03rmrcq20","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia","place":["Vancouver, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0800028"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.115.306573"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.123.321878"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11236999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2023.1129348"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10040603"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2019.12.052"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","volume-title":"Viral myocarditis","author":"Kang M","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kang M, Chippa V, An J. 2025. 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