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We asked if the EBOV receptor Niemann-Pick C1 (NPC1) could explain why reptiles are resistant to EBOV infection. We demonstrate that cells derived from the Russell\u2019s viper are not susceptible to infection because EBOV cannot bind to viper NPC1. This resistance to infection can be mapped to a single amino acid residue in viper NPC1 that renders it unable to bind to EBOV GP. The newly solved structure of EBOV GP bound to NPC1 confirms our findings, revealing that this residue dips into the GP receptor-binding pocket and is therefore critical to the binding interface. Consequently, this otherwise well-conserved residue in vertebrate species influences the ability of reptilian NPC1 proteins to bind to EBOV GP, thereby affecting viral host range in reptilian cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00007-16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,31]],"date-time":"2016-03-31T02:45:37Z","timestamp":1459392337000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["A Single Residue in Ebola Virus Receptor NPC1 Influences Cellular Host Range in Reptiles"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Esther","family":"Ndungo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew S.","family":"Herbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthijs","family":"Raaben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregor","family":"Obernosterer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rohan","family":"Biswas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily Happy","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ariel S.","family":"Wirchnianski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan E.","family":"Carette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thijn R.","family":"Brummelkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean P.","family":"Whelan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"Dye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kartik","family":"Chandran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1404505"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005221"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002304"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/438575a"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0000764"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000536"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60667-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","first-page":"172","volume-title":"Ebola virus haemorrhagic fever","author":"Van der Groen G","year":"1978","unstructured":"Van der Groen G Webb P Johnson K Lange JV Lindsay H Eliott L . 1978. 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