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However, the interactions between the two and their combined effects on immune and intestinal functions are poorly understood. We have established the first human infant microbiota-transplanted neonatal pig model of childhood malnutrition that reproduced the impaired immune, intestinal, and other physiological functions seen in malnourished children. This model can be used to evaluate relevant dietary and other health-promoting interventions. Our findings provide an explanation of why adequate nutrition alone may lack efficacy in malnourished children.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00046-17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,2]],"date-time":"2017-03-02T01:31:01Z","timestamp":1488418261000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Protein Malnutrition Modifies Innate Immunity and Gene Expression by Intestinal Epithelial Cells and Human Rotavirus Infection in Neonatal Gnotobiotic Pigs"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1447-6283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anastasia N.","family":"Vlasova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Veterinary Preventive Medicine Department, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, 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