{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T12:02:51Z","timestamp":1789732971832,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779753600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["310030_192611"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["310030_192611"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007667","name":"Fondation Santos-Suarez pour la Recherche M\u00e9dicale","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007667","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Anonymous donor advised by Carigest SA"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["mSphere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The yeast pathogen\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Candidozyma<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                      )\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">auris<\/jats:italic>\n                      can form biofilms, which contribute to its virulence and nosocomial transmission. In this study, we identified the transcription factor Wor2 as a negative regulator of biofilm formation in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. auris<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Wor2 hyperactivation in a strain of clade IV via the use of a protein tagging strategy resulted in downregulation of two important adhesins,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SCF1<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ALS4112<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and decreased biofilm-forming capacity. We showed that the impact on biofilm was predominantly mediated via decreased\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SCF1<\/jats:italic>\n                      expression in this strain. However, results of adhesion assays on inert surfaces and human keratinocytes found relatively modest roles of Wor2 and Scf1 in this process, suggesting that their effect on biofilm formation is complex and not limited to the adhesion step. Finally, analyses of other strains from different clades identified three distinct\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">WOR2<\/jats:italic>\n                      genotypes, with variable\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">WOR2<\/jats:italic>\n                      expression levels and distinct impacts of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">WOR2<\/jats:italic>\n                      deletion on biofilm formation. Notably, Wor2 negatively regulated biofilm in strains of clades I, III, and IV with distinct profiles of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SCF1<\/jats:italic>\n                      \/\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ALS4112<\/jats:italic>\n                      expression, while it had no impact on biofilm in a clade II strain. Taken together, this study showed that Wor2 exhibited some distinct genotypic evolution in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. auris<\/jats:italic>\n                      resulting in clade- or strain-specific regulatory roles and pathways in biofilm formation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Candidozyma<\/jats:italic>\n                        (\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                        )\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">auris<\/jats:italic>\n                        is a pathogenic yeast exhibiting a particular capacity for interhuman transmission via medical instruments, which was the cause of nosocomial outbreaks of candidemia. Adhesion to inert surfaces and subsequent biofilm formation is therefore important for\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. auris<\/jats:italic>\n                        propagation. This work highlights the role of the transcription factor Wor2 as a negative regulator of biofilm formation in\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. auris<\/jats:italic>\n                        . In a strain of clade IV, Wor2 was shown to downregulate two important adhesins (\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SCF1<\/jats:italic>\n                        and\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ALS4112<\/jats:italic>\n                        ). Interestingly, Wor2 exhibited different genotypes across\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. auris<\/jats:italic>\n                        clades and strains, which were associated with distinct differential expression of\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">WOR2<\/jats:italic>\n                        ,\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ALS4112<\/jats:italic>\n                        , and\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SCF1<\/jats:italic>\n                        , and possibly distinct roles in biofilm formation.\n                      <\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00057-26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T09:56:48Z","timestamp":1776679008000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Role of the transcription factor Wor2 in biofilm formation of\n                    <i>Candidozyma auris<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Marine","family":"Louvet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00yd0p282","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Institute of Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne","place":["Lausanne, Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6007-2661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jizhou","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00yd0p282","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Institute of Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne","place":["Lausanne, 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Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle","family":"Brandalise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00yd0p282","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Institute of Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne","place":["Lausanne, Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Bachmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00yd0p282","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Institute of Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne","place":["Lausanne, Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alix 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