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New treatments for the disease (toxoplasmosis) are needed since current drugs are toxic to patients. Microtubules are essential cellular structures built from tubulin that show promise as antimicrobial drug targets. Microtubules can be regulated by chemical modification, such as acetylation on lysine 40 (K40). To determine the role of K40 acetylation in<jats:italic>Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic>and whether it is a liability to the parasite, we performed mutational analyses of the \u03b1-tubulin gene. Our results indicate that parasites cannot survive without K40 acetylation unless microtubules are stabilized with a secondary mutation. Additionally, we identified the parasite enzyme that acetylates \u03b1-tubulin (TgATAT). Genetic disruption of<jats:italic>TgATAT<\/jats:italic>caused severe defects in parasite replication, further highlighting the importance of \u03b1-tubulin K40 acetylation in<jats:italic>Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic>and its promise as a potential new drug target.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00088-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,18]],"date-time":"2016-01-18T16:14:31Z","timestamp":1453133671000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["TgATAT-Mediated \u03b1-Tubulin Acetylation Is Required for Division of the Protozoan Parasite Toxoplasma gondii"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Joseph M.","family":"Varberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leah R.","family":"Padgett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gustavo","family":"Arrizabalaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"William J.","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(00)00124-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2011.00305.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luft BJ Brooks RG Conley FK McCabe RE Remington JS . 1984. 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