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This makes it hard to know how many people in a community are infected with these viruses at any given time. Here, we explored enterovirus in municipal wastewater to look at this issue. We show that enteroviruses are present year-round in municipal wastewater at levels of up to 800,000 genomic copies per liter. We estimate that, on average, 2.8% of the people contributing to the wastewater shed enterovirus daily. Sequence analysis of the viral capsid protein 4 gene shows that 8 enterovirus types are key drivers of seasonal trends. Populations of<jats:italic>Enterovirus A<\/jats:italic>members peak in the spring, while<jats:italic>Enterovirus B<\/jats:italic>types are most prevalent during the summer and fall months and<jats:italic>Enterovirus C<\/jats:italic>members influence the winter months.<jats:italic>Enterovirus D<\/jats:italic>was observed sporadically and did not influence seasonal trends.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00099-17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,15]],"date-time":"2017-06-15T00:35:12Z","timestamp":1497486912000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["Retrospective Surveillance of Wastewater To Examine Seasonal Dynamics of Enterovirus Infections"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Nichole E.","family":"Brinkman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, McMicken College of Arts and Sciences, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. 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