{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T19:07:38Z","timestamp":1790795258615,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]],"date-time":"2023-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692835200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]],"date-time":"2023-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692835200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"ITA","award":["2023ITA31"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023ITA31"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["mSphere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Wild birds including raptors can act as vectors of clinically relevant bacteria with antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant\n            <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n            in black kites (\n            <jats:italic>Milvus migrans<\/jats:italic>\n            ) inhabiting localities in proximity to human-influenced environments in southwestern Siberia and investigate their virulence and plasmid contents. A total of 51\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            isolates mostly with multidrug resistance (MDR) profiles were obtained from cloacal swabs of 35 (64%,\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 55) kites. Genomic analyses of 36 whole genome sequenced\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            isolates showed: (i) high prevalence and diversity of their antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and common association with ESBL\/AmpC production (27\/36, 75%), (ii) carriage of\n            <jats:italic>mcr-1<\/jats:italic>\n            for colistin resistance on IncI2 plasmids in kites residing in proximity of two large cities, (iii) frequent association with class one integrase (IntI1, 22\/36, 61%), and (iv) presence of sequence types (STs) linked to avian-pathogenic (APEC) and extra-intestinal pathogenic\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            (ExPEC). Notably, numerous isolates had significant virulence content. One\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            with APEC-associated ST354 carried\n            <jats:italic>qnrE1<\/jats:italic>\n            encoding fluoroquinolone resistance on IncHI2-ST3 plasmid, the first detection of such a gene in\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            from wildlife. Our results implicate black kites in southwestern Siberia as reservoirs for antibiotic-resistant\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            . It also highlights the existing link between proximity of wildlife to human activities and their carriage of MDR bacteria including pathogenic STs with significant and clinically relevant antibiotic resistance determinants.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Migratory birds have the potential to acquire and disperse clinically relevant antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and their associated antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) through vast geographical regions. The opportunistic feeding behavior associated with some raptors including black kites and the growing anthropogenic influence on their natural habitats increase the transmission risk of multidrug resistance (MDR) and pathogenic bacteria from human and agricultural sources into the environment and wildlife. Thus, monitoring studies investigating antibiotic resistance in raptors may provide essential data that facilitate understanding the fate and evolution of ARB and ARGs in the environment and possible health risks for humans and animals associated with the acquisition of these resistance determinants by wildlife.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00099-23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,13]],"date-time":"2023-06-13T15:13:45Z","timestamp":1686669225000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Clinically relevant antibiotic resistance in\n            <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>\n            from black kites in southwestern Siberia: a genetic and phenotypic investigation"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6581-1830","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hassan","family":"Tarabai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), University of Veterinary Sciences , Brno, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia , Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Krejci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences , Brno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Karyakin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LLC Sibecocenter , Novosibirsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Bitar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Center, Charles University , Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Literak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), University of Veterinary Sciences , Brno, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences , Brno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7877-483X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Monika","family":"Dolejska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), University of Veterinary Sciences , Brno, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences , Brno, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Biomedical Center, Charles University , Prague, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, The University Hospital , Brno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2016.0137"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01167-19"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.656223"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00944-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01266-19"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","unstructured":"International B\n. 2023. 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