{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T13:16:56Z","timestamp":1753881416134,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,14]],"date-time":"2019-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,28]],"date-time":"2019-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566950400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OPP1066684"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPP1066684"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["mSphere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The critical evaluation of immunization programs is key to identifying areas of suboptimal vaccination coverage, monitoring activities, and aiding development of public health policy. For evaluation of vaccine effectiveness, direct antibody binding assay methods, including enzyme immunoassay, enzyme-linked fluorescence assays, and indirect immunofluorescence assay, are most commonly used for detection of IgG antibodies. However, despite their well-demonstrated, reliable performance, they can be labor-intensive and time-consuming and require separate assays for each individual marker. This necessitates increased sample volumes, processing time, and personnel, which may limit assessment to a few key targets in resource-limited settings, that is, low- and middle-income locations where funding for public health or general infrastructure that directly impacts public health is restricted, limiting access to equipment, infrastructure, and trained personnel. One solution is a multiplexed immunoassay, which allows for the detection of multiple analytes in a single reaction for increased efficiency and rapid surveillance of infectious diseases in limited-resource settings. Thus, the scope of the project precluded a full validation, and here we present abbreviated validation studies demonstrating adequate sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00112-19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,13]],"date-time":"2019-08-13T10:26:18Z","timestamp":1565691978000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Field Test and Validation of the Multiplier Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella-Zoster Multiplexed Assay System in the Democratic Republic of the Congo by Using Dried Blood Spots"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Stephen G.","family":"Higgins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dynex Technologies Inc., Chantilly, Virginia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicole A.","family":"Hoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adva","family":"Gadoth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Fusellier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dynex Technologies Inc., Chantilly, Virginia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Mukadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Biomedical Research (INRB), Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vivian","family":"Alfonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Randall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dynex Technologies Inc., Chantilly, Virginia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hayley","family":"Ashbaugh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melanie","family":"Poncheri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dynex Technologies Inc., Chantilly, Virginia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reena H.","family":"Doshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sue","family":"Gerber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roger","family":"Budd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dynex Technologies Inc., Chantilly, Virginia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Wolfert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dynex Technologies Inc., Chantilly, Virginia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Russell","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCLA-DRC Research Program, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emile","family":"Okitolonda-Wemakoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kinshasa School of Public Health, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Jacque","family":"Muyembe-Tamfum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Biomedical Research (INRB), Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne W.","family":"Rimoin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.07.076"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e318170bb22"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"389","volume-title":"Disease control priorities in developing countries","author":"Brenzel L","year":"2006","unstructured":"Brenzel L, Wolfson LJ, Fox-Rushby J, Miller M, Halsey NA. 2006. Vaccine-preventable diseases, p 389\u2013412. In Jamison DT, Breman JG, Measham AR, Alleyne G, Claeson M, Evans DB, Jha P, Mills A, Musgrove P (ed), Disease control priorities in developing countries, 2nd ed. World Bank, Washington, DC.","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.15.162172"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2017.11.049"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","volume-title":"WHO vaccine-preventable diseases: monitoring system: global summary","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2018","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2018. WHO vaccine-preventable diseases: monitoring system: global summary. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. http:\/\/apps.who.int\/immunization_monitoring\/globalsummary\/schedules. Accessed 28 December 2018."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000001703"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000001483"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000001750"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(02)00255-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268898001587"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00052-16"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0149970"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.05207-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2005.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00269-16"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.JJID.2015.417"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0074-02760160509"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2006.06.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19485565.2014.901885"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-017-4077-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12737"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1149157"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1523y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v8080234"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S095026881600217X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.24136"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.08.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.12462"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.12287"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/131.5.1631S"}],"container-title":["mSphere"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/mSphere.00112-19","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/mSphere.00112-19","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]],"date-time":"2022-03-08T04:19:03Z","timestamp":1646713143000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/mSphere.00112-19"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Marcela F.","family":"Pasetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,28]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,28]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/mSphere.00112-19"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/msphere.00112-19","relation":{},"ISSN":["2379-5042"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2379-5042"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-03-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-06-19","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-08-14","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e00112-19"}}