{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T04:06:54Z","timestamp":1790654814999,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779753600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["mSphere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Low temperature remains a major bottleneck in silage fermentation, especially in cold regions and high-altitude areas. This study investigated the regulatory role of compatible solutes in enhancing the cold adaptation of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pediococcus pentosaceus<\/jats:italic>\n                      OL77 and their synergistic application in oat silage under suboptimal temperatures (5\u00b0C\u201315\u00b0C). RT-qPCR analysis showed that expression of the cold shock protein gene\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">CspP<\/jats:italic>\n                      was sharply induced at 5\u00b0C, indicating its central role in cold-stress response. Exogenous trehalose and betaine significantly downregulated\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">CspP<\/jats:italic>\n                      expression, promoted bacterial growth, accelerated acid production, and enhanced metabolic stability. In silage trials, the OL77 + trehalose treatment resulted in improved lactic acid production, reduced ammonia nitrogen accumulation, and suppression of yeasts and molds across all tested temperatures. A random forest model identified 11 core variables critical for silage quality, highlighting the combined treatment as the most effective across all temperature conditions. These findings offer a robust theoretical and practical framework for enhancing low-temperature silage through synergistic application of compatible solutes and psychrophilic lactic acid bacteria and demonstrate the potential of machine learning in fermentation process optimization.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>\n                        Low temperature is a major constraint on silage fermentation in cold and high-altitude regions. This study shows that trehalose improves the cold adaptation and fermentation performance of\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pediococcus pentosaceus<\/jats:italic>\n                        OL77, highlighting a practical strategy for improving oat silage quality under suboptimal temperatures.\n                      <\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00169-26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T13:02:36Z","timestamp":1777554156000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Trehalose improves cold tolerance of\n                    <i>Pediococcus pentosaceus<\/i>\n                    OL77 and enhances low-temperature oat silage 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