{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T20:19:28Z","timestamp":1780517968807,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,21]],"date-time":"2019-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,28]],"date-time":"2019-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566950400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI103055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI103055"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01A1099243"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01A1099243"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01AI0589354"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01AI0589354"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K08AI123494"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K08AI123494"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000061","name":"HHS | NIH | Fogarty International Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["D43TW000572"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D43TW000572"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000061","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000061","name":"HHS | NIH | Fogarty International Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K43TW010362"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K43TW010362"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000061","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["mSphere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            An episode of cholera provides better protection against reinfection than oral cholera vaccines, and the reasons for this are still under study. To better understand this, we compared the immune responses of human cells exposed to live\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Vibrio cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            with those of cells exposed to heat-killed\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            (similar to the contents of oral cholera vaccines). We also compared the effects of active cholera toxin and the inactive cholera toxin B subunit (which is included in some cholera vaccines). One key immune signaling molecule, IL-23, was uniquely produced in response to the combination of live bacteria and active cholera holotoxin. Stimulation with\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            that did not produce the active toxin or was killed did not produce an IL-23 response. The stimulation of IL-23 production by cholera toxin-producing\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            may be important in conferring long-term immunity after cholera.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00206-19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,20]],"date-time":"2019-08-20T10:58:18Z","timestamp":1566298698000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Posttranslational Regulation of IL-23 Production Distinguishes the Innate Immune Responses to Live Toxigenic versus Heat-Inactivated Vibrio cholerae"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Ana A.","family":"Weil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Crystal N.","family":"Ellis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meti D.","family":"Debela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taufiqur R.","family":"Bhuiyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease and Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rasheduzzaman","family":"Rashu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease and Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel L.","family":"Bourque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashraful I.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease and Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahima","family":"Chowdhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease and Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Regina C.","family":"LaRocque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richelle C.","family":"Charles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward T.","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. 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